Restless Earth

Question 1

Oceanic

Answer 1

•oceanic 
Newer-less than 200ma 
Denser 
Can sink 
Can be renewed and destroyed

Question 2

Continental

Answer 2

Older-over 1500ma
Less denser
Cannot sink
Cannot be renewed or destroyed

Question 3

Types of boundaries

Answer 3

Constructive-build/make
Destructive-ruin/break it
Conservative-protect/keep things as they are.

Question 4

Conservative

Answer 4

At conservative boundaries crust is neither created or destroyed as the plates move past each other
As the plates move at different speeds in slightly different directions they get stuck and pressure/friction is released suddenly an earthquake occurs

Question 5

destructive

Answer 5

At destructive boundaries oceanic crust is destroyed as it is forced below the less dense continental crust. The melted rock forced its way to an area of lower pressure ready to erupt

Question 6

Constructive

Answer 6

At constructive plate boundaries new oceanic crust is being made as the plates pull apart and magma rises to fill the gap and become solid rock

Question 7

Collision boundaries

Answer 7

Plates move towards each other. As they are the same density one cannot be subducted . Pressure builds
Rocks are forced together and push up and fold to create fold mountains

Question 8

Plenary

Answer 8

Fold mountains-collision/destructive boundaries

Ocean trenches-destructive boundaries

Composite volcano-destructive boundaries

Shield volcanoes-conservative boundaries

Question 9

Ocean trenches

Answer 9

Located at destructive plate boundaries. They are created by subduction and mark the point where the oceanic crust is being pushed under the continental crust

Question 10

Fold mountains and ocean trenchs

Answer 10

Both result from plates moving together. If both land forms occur in the same area they are doing in association with subduction. E.g. Destructive margins

Question 11

Explain the formatting of ocean trenches

Answer 11

Plates that moved together form destructive plate margin which are forced together by convection currents. The oceanic crust is forced to sink below the continental crust which created a deep ocean trench. They are created by subduction

Question 12

Fold mountains

Answer 12

Large mountains ranges where rock layers have been crumpled as they have been forced together

Question 13

Composite volcanoes

Answer 13

A steep side volcano is made up of a varied materials such as lava and ash

Question 14

Shield volcano

Answer 14

A broad volcano mostly made up of lava

Question 15

Explain how volcanoes form at destructive plate margins

Answer 15

The oceanic plate goes under the continental plate because it’s more denser. The oceanic plate moves down the mantle where it’s melted and destroyed. This forms magma. The magma rises through the vents. The magma erupts onto the surface(lava) forming a volcano

Question 16

Composite volcanoes

Answer 16

Made up of layers of ash and lava.
Steep sides
Usually erupt in an explosive way
Viscous magma rises to the surface-it clogs the vent and gas builds increasing the pressure-explosive eruption

Question 17

Shield volcano

Answer 17

Made by lave that is very fluid-gentle slopes

Not explosive because there is little pressure building up

Question 18

Effects of volcanic eruption

Answer 18

Disruption of flight
Damage to roofs
Damage to vehicles and communication systems
Damage to human health

Question 19

Lahar

Answer 19

Created when snow and ice are melted again by a volcanic eruption
Flood damage to property
Expensive to clear form roads and farmland
Risk to human life

Question 20

Pyroclastic flow

Answer 20

Massive cloud of hot gas and rocks which flows down the mountainside at up to 450mph with temperatures reached 1000d
30000 people were killed during an eruption in 1902 by the pyroclastic flow

Question 21

Why are shields and composite different shapes

Answer 21

Shield volcanoes are less viscous so that the lava can spread out(expands out). Composite cysteine more viscous do that magma rises to the surface which increases the explosive eruption

Question 22

Shield and composite

Answer 22

Composite volcanoes have sleep slows and narrow bases but shield volcanoes have a wide base and gentle slopes. Composite volcanoes are more viscous than shield volcanoes. Composite volcanoes erupt infrequent but often violent. Shield volcanoes erupt frequently and non-violent

Question 23

Super volcanoes

Answer 23

A mega colossal volcano that erupt la at least 1000km3 of material

Question 24

Super volcanoes 2

Answer 24

Much bigger scale than volcanoes
They are large depression called calderas
Often marked by a rim of higher land around the edges.
Super volcanoes erupt less frequently-eruption are hundred of thousands of years apart

Question 25

Caldera

Answer 25

The depressions of the super volcanoes marking the collapsed magma chamber

Question 26

Japan

Answer 26

11th march 2011

-the Pacific plate is subducted underneath the Eurasian plate

Question 27

Primary Japan

Answer 27

15000 killed
5500 homes and buildings destroyed
Fukushima power plant released extreme amounts of radiation

Question 28

Secondly Japan

Answer 28

Evacuation of cities and towns near the Fukushima power plant to prevent harmful radiation
530000 people displaced staying in 2500 evacuation centres

Question 29

Immediately response Japan

Answer 29

Local emergency united were sent out to cool down the nuclear reactor of the Fukushima power plant