Restless Earth

Question 1

Name 4 ways to earth-quake proof a DEVELOPED building

Answer 1

Triple-Glazing

Cross bracing

Shock absorbers

Structures underground

Question 2

Name 3 ways to earthquake-proof a DEVELOPING building

Answer 2

Light-weight bricks

Bamboo frame for structure

Lightweight metal sheeting

Question 3

Define and give an example of a primary effect and a secondary

Answer 3

Primary - effects immediately, e.g: deaths, infrastructure damaged

Secondary - after effects, e.g: homelessness, disease from water quality

Question 4

CASE STUDY: Give a case study of an earthquake in a developing and developed country and a couple of key facts

Answer 4

Ing- Pakistan

2005, 7.6 Richter scale, 80k deaths,

Ed- Italy

2009, 6.3 richter, 290 deaths

Question 5

Can you predict earthquakes or volcanoes?

Answer 5

Earthquakes - NO

(Clues: tremors, cracks, animals)

Volcanoes - YES

Dormant/ extinct, gas released, bulges of magma build up

Question 6

Why are the impacts more severe in developing countries

Answer 6

Lower quality housing
Poor quality roads, hard for emergency roads to help
Less money to protect, predict, restore
Worse healthcare

Question 7

Why live in earthquake and volcano prone areas

Answer 7

Always lives there

Employed

Tourism

Fertile soil

Question 8

Acronym for reducing impacts of earthquakes and volcanoes

Answer 8

Beapp

B- building techniques

E- education

A- aid

P- predict

P- planning

Question 9

Where are earthquakes found

Answer 9

At ALL plate boundaries

Question 10

Where are volcanoes found

Answer 10

Destructive

Constructive

Question 11

Specific examples of primary and secondary impacts of an earthquake

Answer 11

Primary - buildings collapse, injuries or deaths, infrastructure damaged, electricity supplies gone, sewage pipes burst

Secondary - earthquake triggers landslides and tsunamis, leaking gas can cause fires, homelessness, disease from affecting water quality, unemployment as buildings are damaged

Question 12

Give specific examples of primary and secondary impacts of a volcanic eruption

Answer 12

Primary- buildings, roads destroyed by lava and pyroclastic flows, crops damaged, co2 suffocates people.

Secondary- mudflows (lahars), fires from lava flows, physiological issues from deaths, homeless, food shortage crops are damaged, unemployment, acid rain from sulphur dioxide.

Question 13

CASE STUDY : Give a volcanic case study

Answer 13

Montserrat

1997, 19 dead, Caribbean Sea

Question 14

Give examples of short and long term responses

Answer 14

Short- evacuated, shelters, U.K. Gave £17 million in aid, emergency services

Long- exclusion zones stop others getting hurt, more aid from other countries.

Question 15

What’s a supervolcano

Answer 15

Massive volcano

Yellowstone national park

Flat

Cover a large area

If one erupted we would all die

Question 16

CASE STUDY: Tsunami case study

Answer 16

Boxing Day 2004

Indian Ocean

9.1 Richter scale

Displaced water up to 30m high

230,00 killed or missing

1.7 million homeless

Question 17

CASE STUDY: Give earthquake case studies, LEDC and MEDC

Answer 17

LEDC: Haiti - 2010, magnitude: 7.0, 316,000 deaths, £8.5 billion of damage

MEDC: New Zealand - 2010, magnitude: 7.1, no deaths, £1.8 billion damage

Question 18

CAST STUDY: Give volcano case studies, LEDC and MEDC

Answer 18

LEDC: Montserrat (Caribbean) - 1997, 19 killed, evacuation, crops destroyed, unemployment.

MEDC: Mount St Helens (North America) - 1980, 63 people killed, gas destroyed forests and lahars destroyed logging camps, communication lost and fishing sites