Restless Earth

Question 1

Name two differences between continental and oceanic plates.

Answer 1

An oceanic plate is denser and thinner whereas a continental plate is less denser and thicker.

Question 2

Name the type of plate margin where two plates are moving toward each other

Answer 2

Destructive plate margin

Question 3

What is an ocean trench?

Answer 3

At destructive plate margin, the oceanic plate goes under the continental plate because it is more dense which also creates a ocean trench.

Question 4

name the type of plate margin where two plate are moving sideways against each other

Answer 4

Conservative plate margin

Question 5

How are fold mountains formed?

Answer 5

When tectonic plates collide, the sedimentary rocks that have built up between them are folded and forced upwards to form mountains

Question 6

Give one way humans use fold mountain areas

Answer 6

Farming

Question 7

Describe how farmers have adapted to the steep slopes in fold mountain areas.

Answer 7

higher mountain slopes are not great for growing crops so they’re used to graze animals and lower slopes are used to grow crops . Steep slopes are often terraced to make growing crops easier.

Question 8

Name one range of fold mountains

Answer 8

The Himalayas or The Alps

Question 9

Name three ways humans use the Alps

Answer 9

Farming, Tourism, Mining

Question 10

Describe how people have adapted to the conditions of the Alps

Answer 10

Steep relief: goats are farmed on

Question 11

Describe how people have adapted to the conditions of the Alps

Answer 11

Steep relief: goats are farmed because they are well adapted to live on steep mountains. Trees and man-made defences are used to protect against avalanches and rock slides. Poor soils Limited communications

Question 12

What is Magma called when it erupts on the surface?

Answer 12

Lava

Question 13

Which type of volcano is made up of ash and lava? Name an example.

Answer 13

Composite volcanoes e.g. Mount Fuji in Japan

Question 14

What type of volcano is formed when the lava is runny? name an example.

Answer 14

Shield volcanoes e.g. Mauna loa on the Hawaiian islands

Question 15

Give one thing that scientists do to try and predict a volcanic eruption?

Answer 15

Scientists can monitor the tell-tale signs that come before a volcanic eruption. Things such as tiny earthquakes, escaping gas and changes in the shape of the volcanoe all mean that eruption is likley.

Question 16

Name a Volcanic eruption and state where it happened

Answer 16

The Soufriere Hills volcano in Montserrate Erupted in 1997.

Question 17

Describe two negative Secondary impacts of the eruption in montserrate

Answer 17

1) Fires destroyed many buildings including local government offices, the police headquaters and towns central pertol station.
2) tourists stayed away and bsuinesses were destroyed, disrupted the economy.

Question 18

give two posotive impacts of the eruption in Montseratte

Answer 18

1) Volcanic ash from the eruption has imporoved soil fertility
2) Torrism on the island is noe increaing as people come to see the volcano

Question 19

Give two immdiate responses of the eruption in Montersatte.

Answer 19

1) people were evacuated from the south to safe areas in the north
2) Shelters were built to house evacuees

Question 20

What were two of the long term responses of the eruption in montseratte?

Answer 20

1) A risk map was created and an exlusion zone is in place. the south of the islands is off-limits while the volcano is still active.
2) The UK has provided £41 million to develop the north of the island-new docks, an airport and houses have been built in the north.

Question 21

Where do supervolcanoes form?

Answer 21

Destructive plate margins

Question 22

Give on way a supervolcano eruption is different from a volcano eruption.

Answer 22

A supervolcanic eruption sends out thousands of cubic kilometers of rock ash and lava whereas a normal vocano which will only producea couple of cubic kilometers.

Question 23

Give one predicted effect of a supervolcanic eruption.

Answer 23

earthquakes can occur

Question 24

What causes earthquakes?

Answer 24

Earthquakes are caused by the tension that builds up at all three types of plate margin.

Question 25

What is the point in the earth calleds where an earthquake starts?

Answer 25

the focus

Question 26

What is the name of the point on the surface of the earth above where an earthquake starts?

Answer 26

The epicentre

Question 27

What does the richter scale measure?

Answer 27

The richter scale measures the amount of energy released by an earthquake( called a magnitude)

Question 28

Give an example of an earthquake in the rich part of the world.

Answer 28

L’aquila, italy

Question 29

Describe two effects of the earthquake in L’aquila italy

Answer 29

1) around 290 deaths
2) hunderds of people injured

Question 30

describe two responses to the earthquake in L’aquila, italy

Answer 30

1) camps were set up for homeless people with water, food and medical care.
2) Ambulances, fire engines and the army were sent to rescue the survivors

Question 31

Give an example of an earthquake in the poor part of the world.

Answer 31

Kashmir, Pakistan

Question 32

Describe two effects of the earthquake in Kashmir, Pakistan

Answer 32

1) Around 80 000 deaths
2) hunderds of thounds of people were dead

Question 33

describe two responses of the earthquake in pakistan

Answer 33

1) Help didnt reach for days or weeks. People had to be rescued by hand without any equipment or help from emergency services.
2) Tents, blankets and medical supplies were distributed within a month, but not to all areas affected

Question 34

What causes a Tsunami?

Answer 34

a tsunami is when an earthquake happens out at sea which causes huge amount of water to get displaced.

Question 35

Give an example of a tsunami

Answer 35

Indian ocean 2004

Question 36

Describe two effects of the tsunami

Answer 36

1) Around 230 000 people were killed or are still missing.
2) Whole towns and villages were destroyed-over 1.7 million people lost their homes.