Restless Earth

Question 1

Name the 4 linking ‘spheres’ of the planet

Answer 1

Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Geosphere

Question 2

What is the lithosphere?

Answer 2

The uppermost layer of the earth. It is cool and brittle. It includes the very top of the mantle and the earths crust.

Question 3

What is magma?

Answer 3

Molten rock below the ground.

Question 4

What is lava?

Answer 4

Molten rock above the ground e.g volcanoes

Question 5

What is plume?

Answer 5

Part of convection cells where currents move heat to the surface.

Question 6

What protects the earth from solar radiation?

Answer 6

The magnetic field.

Question 7

What was the Pangea?

Answer 7

A super continent of all land masses before they broke apart to the 7 continents.

Question 8

What are the 3 tectonic plate boundaries called?

Answer 8

Constructive
Destructive
Conservative

Question 9

What is subduction?

Answer 9

Oceanic crust sinking into the mantle at a destructive plate boundary.

Question 10

What is a collision zone?

Answer 10

A type of destructive plate boundary,forming mountain ranges like the Himalayas where two continental plates collide

Question 11

What landform is produced at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 11

A volcano

Question 12

What are the primary effects?

Answer 12

Instant effects like - lava,acid rain,gases and earthquakes.

Question 13

What are the secondary effects?

Answer 13

Disease,food and water shortages in days or weeks after.

Question 14

How are earthquakes measured?

Answer 14

On a ricter scale

Question 15

Name two earthquakes

Answer 15

Kobe Japan (1995) which was a 7.2,5000 died,26000 hurt
Port-au-prince Haiti (2010) which was 7.0,316000 died 300000 hurt

Question 16

What is a tsunami?

Answer 16

A tidal wave caused by an under sea earthquake.

Question 17

Why are deaths more common from tectonic hazards in developing countries?

Answer 17

Poor quality buildings
No rapid response available from emergency services 
Rural locations make roads difficult 
Fewer early warning systems 
People often live in risky locations

Question 18

What are the social impacts of an earthquake?

Answer 18

Death
Injury
Homeless

Question 19

How are volcanoes monitored and managed by man?

Answer 19

Aircraft fly through gas
Seismometers measure land development
Boreholes measure temperature change 
Concrete shelters
Evacuation routes 
Concrete channels 
Tiltmeters to detect the swelling of the volcano

Question 20

Where is the San Andres fault?

Answer 20

California USA

Question 21

When oceanic plates melt it makes what type of magma?

Answer 21

Andesite