Restless Earth Flashcards
Name the 4 linking ‘spheres’ of the planet
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Geosphere
What is the lithosphere?
The uppermost layer of the earth. It is cool and brittle. It includes the very top of the mantle and the earths crust.
What is magma?
Molten rock below the ground.
What is lava?
Molten rock above the ground e.g volcanoes
What is plume?
Part of convection cells where currents move heat to the surface.
What protects the earth from solar radiation?
The magnetic field.
What was the Pangea?
A super continent of all land masses before they broke apart to the 7 continents.
What are the 3 tectonic plate boundaries called?
Constructive
Destructive
Conservative
What is subduction?
Oceanic crust sinking into the mantle at a destructive plate boundary.
What is a collision zone?
A type of destructive plate boundary,forming mountain ranges like the Himalayas where two continental plates collide
What landform is produced at a constructive plate boundary?
A volcano
What are the primary effects?
Instant effects like - lava,acid rain,gases and earthquakes.
What are the secondary effects?
Disease,food and water shortages in days or weeks after.
How are earthquakes measured?
On a ricter scale
Name two earthquakes
Kobe Japan (1995) which was a 7.2,5000 died,26000 hurt Port-au-prince Haiti (2010) which was 7.0,316000 died 300000 hurt
What is a tsunami?
A tidal wave caused by an under sea earthquake.
Why are deaths more common from tectonic hazards in developing countries?
Poor quality buildings No rapid response available from emergency services Rural locations make roads difficult Fewer early warning systems People often live in risky locations
What are the social impacts of an earthquake?
Death
Injury
Homeless
How are volcanoes monitored and managed by man?
Aircraft fly through gas Seismometers measure land development Boreholes measure temperature change Concrete shelters Evacuation routes Concrete channels Tiltmeters to detect the swelling of the volcano
Where is the San Andres fault?
California USA
When oceanic plates melt it makes what type of magma?
Andesite
