Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Edexcel B Geography > Restless Earth > Flashcards

Restless Earth Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
World Geography flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

Name the layers of the earth starting from the middle?

A 
Inner Core
Outer Core
Mantle
Crust
Asthenosphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the core made out of?

A

Iron/Nickle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

There are two types of crust what are they?

A

Oceanic Crust and Continental Crust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are these crusts made out of?

A

Oceanic Crust - Basalt

Continental - Granite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Information on the thickness of the crusts?

A
  • Continental crust is the THICKEST between 25-80km thick
  • Oceanic crust is the THINNEST with millions of tonnes of seawater on top of it but this also makes it the densest plate it is between 6-8km thick
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 4 tectonic plates?

A
  • Eurasian plate
  • North American plate
  • South American plate
  • Pacific plate
  • Antarctic plate
  • African plate
  • Australian plate
  • Nasca plate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are CONVECTION CURRENTS?

A

Nuclear decay in the core causes heat which heats up magma. This magma rises towards the crust, while this is happening cool magma at the crust falls towards the core this causes CONVECTION CURRENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do the Tectonic plates move?

A

The convection currents move along the crust pushing it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 types of plate boundary?

A
  • Collision zones
  • Conservative plate boundary
  • Constructive plate boundary
  • Destructive plate boundry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Collision Zones

A
  • Himalayas formed as the eurasian and indian plates PUSH into each other
  • Destructive earthquakes magnitude 9.0
  • Volcanoes are very rare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Conservative plate boundaries

A
  • San andreas fault as the north american and pacific plates SLIDE past each other
  • Small earthquakes every day
  • Destructive earthquakes up to magnitude 8.5
  • No volcanos
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Constructive plate boundaries

A
  • Iceland on the mid atlantic ridge there plates PULL apart from each other
  • Eurasian and North American plates pulling apart
  • Small earthquakes 5.0-6.0 magnitude
  • volcanos erupt basalt lava at 1200 C
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Destructive plate boundaries

A
  • Oceanic plate ALWAYS SUBDUCTS under
  • Andres mountains
  • Very destructive earthquakes 9.5 can cause earthquakes
  • Very explosive volcanoes steep sided erupt andesite lava 900-1000 C
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stratovolcanoes are..

A
  • formed at destructive plate boundaries
  • these volcanoes are composed of alternating layers of lava and ash other volcanoes are just lava
  • andesite lava (acidic) flows a short distance and produces steep sides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Shield volcanoes

A

idgaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Advantages of a volcano

A
  • geothermal energy
  • tourism
  • fertile soils (grow crops to make money)
17
Q

Disadvantages of a volcano

A
  • acidic water can cause pollution and crops to fail
  • eruptions (wipe out everything in its radius)
  • ash ( grounds planes and communication)
18
Q

Where would you find volcanoes and why

A
  • volcanoes are MOSTLY near destructive plate boundaries
  • the andesite magma is less dense than the magma in the mantle so it rises and pushes through the continental plate and forms a volcano
  • they also form at constructive plate boundaries
19
Q

What is Pyroclastic flow

A
  • the most dangerous

ash and rock fall like an avalanche at 500 C and 80mph

20
Q

What is Lava flow

A
  • rarely any deaths

you can walk away from it

21
Q

What are Volcanic bombs

A
  • damages buildings and towns people are killed

massive rocks being thrown up into the air

22
Q

What is Lahar

A

when ash and snow mix it creates thick muddy water that carries boulders

23
Q

How to prepare for a volcanic eruption (EDUCATION)

A
  • people can be given advice on what to do
  • schools can teach kids about eruptions
  • volcanic drills
24
Q

How to handle a volcanic eruption (EMERGENCY ACTION)

A
  • frequent advice and news updates
  • planes grounded
  • danger zones can be sealed off ( restricted areas)
25
Q

How to prepare for a volcanic eruption (FORWARD PLANNING)

A
  • people in danger zones can stock up in necessities
  • concrete lahar channels can be built
  • people can take out insurance
  • concrete shelters
26
Q

An LEDC volcanic erupton

A

Montserrat, Mount Soufriere 1997

Edexcel B Geography (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions