rest of chem

Question 1

types of systems

Answer 1

open- mass and energy
isolated-no transfer
closed- energy

Question 2

what does enthalpy basically mean

Answer 2

energy

Question 3

how to find change in enthalpy

Answer 3

products-reactants

Question 4

how do entropy and randomness connection

Answer 4

if order increases then S decreases
if disorder increases then S increases

Question 5

list the states of matter with generally more S from most to least

Answer 5

gas>liquid>solid

Question 6

how does temp effect entropy

Answer 6

higher temp then more entropy

Question 7

how do you know if S_univ is spontaneous

Answer 7

if S_univ > 0 then spontaneous
if S_univ is <0 then nonspontaneous
if S_univ=0 then at equilibrium

Question 8

how to find DS_univ

Answer 8

DS_sys + DS_surr

Question 9

how do DS_sys + DS_surr effect spontenaity in DS_univ

Answer 9

if both are positive then its always spontaneous
if both are negative then its never spontaneous

Question 10

what are the characteristics of exothermic free energy

Answer 10

DH<0
surrounding + heat = increase of Ssurr
DSsurr>0

Question 11

what are the characteristics of endothermic free energy

Answer 11

DH>0
surr-heat= decrease of Ssurr
DSsurr<0

Question 12

how to find the DSsurr

Answer 12

-DHsys/Temp

Question 13

how do entropy and enthalpy relate

Answer 13

entropy changes in the same way with enthalpy

Question 14

what is the basic equation of gibbs free energy

Answer 14

DG= DHsys - T*DSsys

Question 15

what does DG<0 mean

Answer 15

it means the rxn is spontaneous and in the foraward direction
DS >0

Question 16

what does DG>0 mean

Answer 16

rxn is nonspontaneous or spontaneous and in the riverse direction
DS<0

Question 17

how can you tell if a system is entropically favorable

Answer 17

is DS>0

Question 18

how can you tell if a system is enthalpically favorable

Answer 18

DH<0

Question 19

what do oxidation and reduction mean

Answer 19

oxidation- loss of electrons
reduction means gain of electrons

Question 20

what is Ecell potential

Answer 20

the measure of eneregy per unit

Question 21

what makes a positve Ecell

Answer 21

e- flow from - to +

Question 22

what makes a negative Ecell

Answer 22

e- flow from + to -

Question 23

where do reductions and oxidations happen in batteries

Answer 23

reductions in cathode
oxidations in anode

Question 24

what is the general equation for and Ecell

Answer 24

Ecell= Ecathode- Eanode

Question 25

what does a positve Ecell mean

Answer 25

spontaneous and more likely to reduce

Question 26

what does a negative Ecell mean

Answer 26

nonspontaneous and more likely to oxidize