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Biology - Stimuli and Response > Responses > Flashcards

Responses Flashcards

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1
Q

What is tropism?

A

The response of a plant to a directional stimulus

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2
Q

How do plants respond to a stimulus?

A

By regulating their growth

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3
Q

What is a positive tropism?

A

Growth towards a stimulus

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4
Q

What is a negative tropism?

A

Growth away from a stimulus

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5
Q

What is phototropism?

A

Growth of a plant in response to light

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6
Q

How do shoots respond to phototropism?

A

Positively phototrophic and grow towards light

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7
Q

How do roots respond to phototropism?

A

Negatively phototrophic and grow away from light

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8
Q

What is gravitropism?

A

Growth of a plant in response to gravity

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9
Q

How do shoots respond to gravitropism?

A

Negatively gravitropic and grows upwards

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10
Q

How do roots respond to gravitropism?

A

Positively gravitropic and grow downwards

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11
Q

How do plants respond to a directional stimulus?

A

By using specific growth factors

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12
Q

What are growth factors?

A

Hormone like chemicals that speed up or slow down growth

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13
Q

How do growth factors work?

A

Produce in the growing regions of a plant and move to where they are needed

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14
Q

What do auxins do?

A

Stimulate the growth of shoots called cell elongation (cells become lose and stretchy so cells get longer)

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15
Q

What do high concentrations of auxins do?

A

Inhibit growth in roots

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16
Q

What is indoleacetic acid (IAA)?

A

An important auxin that’s made in the tips of shoots in flowering plants

17
Q

How and why is IAA moved around the plant?

A

IAA is moved around the plant to control tropisms. It moves by diffusion and active transport over short distances and via the phloem over long distances. This results in different parts of the plant having different concentrations of IAA

18
Q

What does uneven distribution of IAA result in?

A

Uneven plant growth

19
Q

Where does IAA move to due to phototropism?

A

IAA moves to the more shaded parts of shoots and roots

20
Q

Where does IAA move to due to gravitropism?

A

IAA moves to the underside of shoots and roots

21
Q

Why do simple mobile organisms have simple responses?

A

To keep them in favourable environments

22
Q

What is a tactic response (taxes)?

A

Organisms move towards or away from a directional stimulus (e.g. light)

23
Q

What is a kinetic response (kinesis)?

A

Organisms movement is affected by a non directional stimulus (e.g. humidity)

Biology - Stimuli and Response (4 decks)

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