Respirtory system medications

Question 1

Albuterol

Answer 1

class: Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists
MOA: bronchodialation
Route: Inhale, Oral (long acting)
Indications: asthma attack
Adverse effects: Tachycardia, angina, tremors
contraindications: pregnancy risk C, Diabetes, hyperthyroidism , heart disease, hypertension, and angina.
Action: take albuterol before a glucocorticoid, teach how to inhale, s/s of an episode, worsening symptoms
Evaluation: control of asthma, resolution of asthma exacerbation

Question 2

Ipratropium

Answer 2

class: Inhaled Anticholingeric
MOA: Blocks receptors in the bronchi causing bronchodialation
Route: Inhalation
Indications: Bronchospasm in COPD, allergies, excersise induced asthma
Adverse: Dry mouth, Horseness
contraindications: pregnancy risk B, peanut, soy, or lecithin allergy, narrow angle glaucoma and BPH
Action: rinse mouth after use, wait 5 minutes between each med
Eval: control of bronchospasm

Question 3

Fluticasone

Answer 3

Class: Glucocorticoids
MOA: prevents inflammation and suppresses mucous supression
Route: Inhalation
Indications: long term prophylaxis of asthma
contraindications: pregnancy risk C, systemic fungal infection, live virus vaccines, peptic ulcer disease, osteoporosis, kidney dysfunction
action: use the correct inhalation device, DO NOT USE FOR ACUTE EPISODES.
Eval: long term control of asthma, free of respiratory distress

Question 4

Prednisone

Answer 4

Class: Glucocorticoids
MOA: reduction in airway edema, prevent inflammation, suppresses mucus.
Route: PO
Indications: treats acute episodes and long term treatment of chronic asthma
adverse: suppression of adrenal gland after 10 days, hyperglycemia, peptic ulcers, increased weight, and insomnia
contraindications:live virus vaccine, systemic fungal infections. Caution with children, those with DM, HTN, HF, peptic ulcer disease, osteoporosis, and/or kidney dysfunction. Concurrent use with potassium depleting diuretics, NSAIDS.
Action: Monitor glucose, taper off, give with food, monitor for signs of infection, no NSAIDS, consume calcium and vitamin D

Question 5

Zafirlukast

Answer 5

Class: Leukotriene modifires
MOA: suppresses Leukotrienes- reduces inflammation, constriction, edema, and mucous
Route: PO
Indication: long term therapy for asthma, prevents excersise induced episodes
Adverse: Depression, SI, Liver injury
contraindications: liver dysfunction, Warfarin, Theophylline
Action: mood changes, baseline LFT, administer 1-2 hours before meals. watch for Nausea, anorexia, bleeding
Eval: long term control of asthma symptoms

Question 6

Codeine

Answer 6

Class: Opioids
MOA: Suppresses cough by way of the CNS
Route: PO
Indication: Non-productive cough- to decrease frequency/intensity.
Adverse: dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness, respiratory depression. GI distress- Nausea, vomiting, constipation. Opioid use disorder.
Contraindications: Pregnancy Category Risk C. Respiratory depression, acute asthma, head trauma, liver and kidney dysfunction, alcohol use disorder, substance use disorder
Action: fall/ safety percautions, schedule 2, monitor respirtory status, change positions slowly
Eval: Decreased cough and intensity of cough

Question 7

Guaifenesin

Answer 7

Class: Expectorants
MOA:Promotes increased cough production by increasing and thinning mucous. Allows clients to clear chest by coughing out secretions/mucous.
Route: PO
Indications: Treatment for colds, allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, or cough due to lower respiratory disorder
Adverse: GI Upset, Drowsiness, dizziness, allergic reaction(rash)
Contraindications: Safety not established in pregnancy/lactation, caution with asthma
Action: DO NOT CRUSH TABLETS, capsules can be open, take with a full glass of water
Eval: cough is productive, less chest congestion

Question 8

Acetylcysteine

Answer 8

Class:Mucolytics
MOA:Thin and enhance the flow of secretions in the respiratory passages
Route: PO,IV,INH
Indication: Acute and chronic respiratory disorders worsened by increased secretions, cystic fibrosis, acetaminophen poisoning
Adverse: Aspiration and bronchospasm, dizziness, drowsiness, hypotension, tachycardia, hepatotoxicity.
Contraindications: Use caution in hypothyroidism, CNS depression, renal impairment, liver impairment, and seizure disorders. Caution in asthma.
Action: Be prepared to suction clients if aspiration occurs with oral admin
Monitor LFT’s, PT, BUN, Creatinine, glucose, electrolytes
Monitor acetaminophen levels in actm toxicity
Smells like rotten eggs
Eval: Regular respiratory rate
Clear lung sounds
Increased ease of expectoration

Question 9

pseudoepedrine

Answer 9

Class: Decongestants
MOA: reduction of inflammation of the nasal membranes
Route: PO, Intranasal
Indication: rhinitis, congestion, the common cold
adverse: vasoconstriction, agitation, nervousness, rebound congestion
contraindications: pregnancy C, HTN, cardiovascular disease, dysrythmias, closed angle glaucoma
Action: taper use dicontinuation, hold med if CNS effects occur
Eval: reliefe of congestion, increased ease of breathing

Question 10

what do you do after administering a respiratory drug?

Answer 10

assess respiratory status
breath sounds
respiratory rate
pulse ox
HR
current oxygenation