Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Acute Care Seminar 2 > Respiratory Treatment Pulmonary > Flashcards

Respiratory Treatment Pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

Short Acting B2-Agonist Bronchodilators (SABA) Meds

A

-ProAir HFA (Albuterol sulfate)
-ProAir RespiClick (albuterol sulfate inhalation powder)
-Proventil HFA (albuterol sulfate)
-Ventolin HFA (albuterol sulfate)
-Xopenex HFA (Levalbuterol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SABA MOA

A

-Quickly open the airways to stop asthma symptoms. “Rescue” medicines.
-Work within 15-20 minutes and last up to 4-6 hours
-Relax smooth muscle tone and improve airflow
-Stimulate ciliary motion to promote secretion mobilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Long Acting Beta-2 Agonist Bronchodilators (LABAs) Meds

A

-Arcapta Neohaler
-Servent Diskus (Salmetrol)
-Striverdi Respimat
-Foradil (Formoterol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LABA MOA

A

-Keep airway open for 12 hours
-Use daily
-Also effective in treating exercise induced asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Corticosteroids

A

-Usually used in combo with LABA
-Reduces swelling in airways and lungs
-When FEV1 <60% LABA + Corticosteroid should be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anticholinergics MOA

A

-Block effects of acetylcholine
-Mainstay treatment with COPD
-Effective in controlling difficult asthma symptoms
-Decrease airway secretions and airway smooth muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Corticosteroid inhalers

A

-Alvesco HFA (ciclesonide; 80 mcg, 160mcg)
-ArmonAir RespiClick (Fluticasone proponate; 55mpg, 113 mpg, 232 mpg)
-Arnuity, Ellipta (flutcasone furcate inhalation powder; 100mcg, 200 mcg)
-Asmanex HFA (mometasone furcate)
-Asmanex Twishaler (mometason furcate; 110 mcg, 220mcg)
-Flovent, Diskus (flutcasone proponate; 50 mcg, 100 mcg, 250 mcg)
-Flovent HDA (flutcasone proponate; 110 mcg, 220 mcg)
-Plumicort, Flexhaler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscarinic Antagonist (Anticholinergic Inhalers WITH COPD)

A

-Atrovent (ipratropium bromide)
-Spiriva Respimat (tiotropium bromide)
-Aren’t quick-relief medications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Combo medications (Corticosteroids and LABA)

A

-Advair Diskus (fluticasone proponate and salmeterol inhalation powder; 100/50, 250/50, 500/50)
-Advair HFA (fluticasone proponate and salmeterol; 45/21, 115/21, 230/21)
-AirDuo RespiClick (Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol; 55/14, 113/14, 232/14 mcg)
-Breo Ellipta (don’t use with asthma; fluticasone/vilanterol; 100/25, 200/25 mcg)
-Dulera
-Symbicort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

LAMA (Long acting muscarinic antagonist)

A

Seebri Neohaler (glycooyrolate)
-Incruse, Ellipta-COPD
-Spiriva (tiotropium bromide)
-Combivent (combo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LABA + LAMA

A

-Anoro Ellipta
-Bevespi, Aerosphere
-Stiolto, Respimat
-Utibron, Neohlaer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Trelegy Ellipta

A

combo of corticosteriod, LABA and LAMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PDE4 Inhibitors

A

Used in later stages of COPD
-Increases intracellular cAMP in lung tissue
-Reduces neutrophil and eosinophil counts in lung
-Roflumilast (Daliresp), 500 mcg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

GOLD 0: At risk

A

-normal lung function
-cough and sputum production
-remove toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

GOLD 1: Mild

A

-FEV1 >80%
-asymptomatic or may have chronic cough and sputum
-SABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GOLD II: Moderate

A

-FEV1 50-80%
-Asymptomatic or may have chronic cough and sputum
-Add LABA

17
Q

GOLD III: Severe

A

-FEV1 30-50%
-Some symptoms daily
-Add inhaled corticosteroids

18
Q

GOLD IV: Very severe

A

-FEV1 <30% or <50% with severe respiratory failure
-multiple symptoms
-long term O2 for severe hypoxia
-consider surgical treatment

19
Q

COPD Exacerbations

A

-Systemic corticosteroids and antibiotics
-BiPAP helps decrease CO2 retention and prevent intubation
-Possible mechanical ventilation
-usually caused from bronchial infections

20
Q

FVC

A

-Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow rates
-FEV1 is forced expiratory volume in one second-considered gold standard by which obstructive airway disease
-Ratio of FEV1/FVC is diagnostic for obstructive disease
-FEV1/FVC <70% of normal is dx of obstructive disorder or obstruction

21
Q

Measurement of Nitrous oxide

A

-noninvasive marker of airway inflammation
-reflect lower airway inflammation-hallmark of asthma disease process
-Helps w/ titration of inhaled steriod therapy. Inhaled steroids will quickly reduce nitrous oxide levels

22
Q

Increased DLCO

A

-Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide in the lung
-Increased may indicate asthma, obesity, polycythemia, or cardiac left to right shunting

23
Q

Decreased DLCO

A

-Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide in the lung
-May indicate disorders of pulmonary parenchyma, vascular problems, or decreased in alveolar function (emphysema)

24
Q

Bronchial Provocation testing (challenge)

A

-Useful test when spirometry is normal and cough is unexplained
-Involves inhalation of methacholine, histamine, or other chemical stimulants to induce bronchial smooth muscle restriction
-Positive restults for asthma is FEV1 reduced by 20% or more at a dose of 16mg/ml or less
-95% sensitive for dx of asthma; negative results make the dx of asthma unlikely

25
Q

Spirometry

A

-with a bronchodilator therapy (eval of bronchospasm)
-determines vital capacity and expiratory flow rates before and after aerosolized bronchodilator therapy

26
Q

Maximal (inspiratory) respiratory pressures

A

-helps in dx of neuromuscular causes of respiratory dysfunction

27
Q

Obstructive ventilatory defects

A

-Flow rates are reduced
-lung volumes are within normal range or are larger than the normal range due to hyperinflation and air trapping
-Increased reserved volume and TLC

28
Q

Restrictive Ventilatory Defects

A

-Flow rates are normal or increased
-Lung volumes are proportionally reduced

29
Q

Values 60-70% of predicted volume/flow rates

A

mildly reduced

30
Q

Values 50-60% of predicted volume/flow rates

A

moderately reduced

31
Q

Values lower than 50% pf predicted volumes/flow rates

A

severely reduced

32
Q

Values for residual volume and TLC exceed 120% of predicted

A

air trapping and hyperinflation are present

33
Q

Expiratory airflow measurements increase by 15% at least over baseline values with bronchodilator

A

-indicate an obstruction is present

34
Q

Peak expiratory flowmeter and asthma

A

-At home use
-Helps determine need for additional medication
-Green zone (no change in therapy): PEFR 80-100% of baseline
-PEFR 50-80% of baseline “Yellow zone” temporary increase in intensity of therapy or additional therapy should be considered
-PEFR <50% of baseline “red zone” urgent/emergency care is advised

35
Q

Implications in Geriatric Patients

A

-changes in elastic recoil and musculoskeletal changes of chest wall

Acute Care Seminar 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions