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Fisiopatología de las Enfermedades Infecciosas > Respiratory Tract - Virus > Flashcards

Respiratory Tract - Virus Flashcards

1
Q

Antivirales contra influenza A solamente

A

Amantadina y rimantadina.

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2
Q

A person with influenza infection is more susceptible to…

A

Bacterial superinfections (more adherability) and pneumonia

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3
Q

Immune substances that promote antiviral activity agains influenza.

A

Interferon a and 𝝀

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4
Q

Systemic influenza symptoms are caused by _________, whereas local symptoms result from_________.

A

Systemic: interferon and cytokines
Local: epithelial cell damage

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5
Q

Type of influenza virus more predominant in humans, does not undergo antigenic shift.

A

Influenza B

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6
Q

Only influenza virus that undergoes genetic reassortment, often associated with pandemics, zoonotic.

A

Influenza A

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7
Q

Glycoproteins exchanged in influenza A virus that generate a new strand.

A

HA glycoproteins

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8
Q

Respiratory virus that causes intercelular fussion (sincitium and multinuclated giant cell)

A

Parainfluenza

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9
Q

Suprasternal retraction after a 2-6 days incubation period is a sign of:

A

Parainfluenza

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10
Q

Cells in which parainfluenza virus can be cultivated

A

Monkey’s primary renal cells

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11
Q

Most common cause of acute and deadly infection of the respiratory tract in infants and toddlers.

A

SRV

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12
Q

Virus that infects practically everyone under 2 y/o, with lifelong reinfections.

A

SRV

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13
Q

This virus causes obstruction of brochi and broncheoli due to mucous, fibrin and necrotic material tampons.

A

SRV

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14
Q

Most common season of SRV infections

A

Winter

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15
Q

Difference between SRV and influenza epidemics.

A

SRV epidemics are always annually

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16
Q

Manifestation of SRV infection in infants and toddlers.

A

Bronchiolitis

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17
Q

Lung sounds in SRV infection

A

Expiratory ronchi

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18
Q

Immunologic substances that cause runny nose in rinovirus infections.

A

Bradykinin and histamine

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19
Q

Time lapse in which rinovirus immunity is lost

A

18 months

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20
Q

Ideal temperature and pH for rinovirus growth

A

33°C, basic pH (susceptible to acidic environments)

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21
Q

T/F. Rinovirus infection produces fever.

A

False

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22
Q

Etiology of the common cold

A

Rinovirus

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23
Q

Respiratory virus that causes a Pertussis-like syndrome and pneumonia

A

Adenovirus

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24
Q

Types of infection of the adenovirus

A

Lytic, latent and transforming

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25
Q

Main risk in an adenovirus infection in immunocompromised population.

A

Viremia

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26
Q

Transmission path of adenovirus

A

Aerosols, fecal-oral, and fomites. Low chlorine level swimming pools.

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27
Q

Non-seasonal respiratory virus with a higher risk population of <14 y/o

A

Adenovirus

28
Q

Types of clinical manifestations of the adenovirus.

A

Asymptomatic
Pharyngoconjunctival fever
Acute respiratory infection

29
Q

Fever, pharyngitis, acute conjunctivitis and preauricular lymphoid hyperplasia suggest.

A

Pharyngoconjuntival fever

30
Q

An adenovirus positive test is confirmed once…

A

Laboratories have ruled out other causes for pharyngitis.

31
Q

Serotypes covered in the oral vaccine for adenovirus

A

4 & 7

32
Q

Second most frequent cause of common cold

A

Coronaviruses

33
Q

Tropism of coronaviruses due to ideal temperature for replication

A

Superior respiratory tract (33-35°C)

34
Q

Respiratory virus that frequently exacerbates other respiratory diseases, may cause pneumonia.

A

Coronavirus

35
Q

Etiology of SARS

A

Coronavirus

36
Q

Pneumonia, >38°C fever, dispnea, myalgia, diarrhea.

A

SARS

37
Q

Pathogens that cause common cold

A

Coronavirus, rhinovirus, RSV

38
Q

Syndrome cause by EBV

A

Mononucleosis

39
Q
A

VIH, EBV, citomegaolovirus

40
Q

Antivirals indicated in influenza

A

Oseltaminir and Zanamivir

41
Q

Protein to which anitiinfluenzal drugs join

A

Neuroaminidase

42
Q

Times children have respiratory viral infection during a year

A

5-6 times per year

43
Q

Most frequent virus infecting children under two years of age

A

RSV

44
Q

Immunological defense in lower respiratoy tract

A

IgA and macrophages

45
Q

Most common respiratory tract infection

A

Innhalation

46
Q

Moleule size for airborne transmission

A

<5 um

47
Q

Influeza season time period

A

40 epidemiologic week to 20th week of next year

48
Q

Influenza virus protein that favors adherance

A

Hemagglutinin (HA)

49
Q

Enzime that helps influenza virus release virus

A

Nauraminidase (NA)

50
Q

Minuo genetic influenza virus mutation that causes local epidemics

A

Drift

51
Q

Major genetic influenza virus mutation that causes pandemics

A

Shift

52
Q

Type of onset on influenza clinical manifestations, differentiating it from common cold.

A

Acute onset

53
Q

Most important proinflamatory cytokine in influenza (non specific)

A

IL-6

54
Q

Gold standard diagnostic test for influenza

A

PCR

55
Q

Time lapse to provide antiviral treatment for influenza

A

First 48 hrs since symptom onset

56
Q

Only 2 upper tract respiratory virus with specific treatment

A

COVID and influenza
*Immunocompromised for adenovirs
*SRV in some cases

57
Q

Sensitivity for influenza Ag test

A

50-60%

58
Q

Mechanism of action of influenza antivirals

A

Neuroaminidase inhibitors (Mexico: zanamivir)

59
Q

Bacteria that cause secondary pneumonia after influenza

A

S. aureus and S. pneumoniae

60
Q

Strain of parainfluenza virus that causes the most outbreaks

A

1

61
Q

Long term effect of parainfluenza

A

Long term cough

62
Q

Only antiviral for adenovirs

A

Cidofovir

63
Q

Patient requirement for administration of adenovirus antivirals

A

Target organ afection or immunocompromised

64
Q

Protein to which coronavirus spike protein join

A

ACE type 2

65
Q

Diagnostic test for multiple respiratory infection pathogens

A

Respiratory PCR panel

Fisiopatología de las Enfermedades Infecciosas (1 decks)

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