Respiratory system random

Question 1

Three things that make the lungs very efficient a gas exchange

Answer 1

Huge surface area

Only two cell layers separate air in the lungs from the blood

Moist

Question 2

The respiratory system supplies the body with __________for its energy production

Answer 2

Oxygen

Question 3

What system works closely with the respiratory system?

Answer 3

Circulatory system

Question 4

What are the four processes that make up the respiratory system?

Answer 4

Breathing

External respiration

Internal respiration

Cellular respiration

Question 5

Breathing-

Answer 5

Inspiration- bringing oxygen into the lungs

Expiration- expelling carbon dioxide

Question 6

External respiration-

Answer 6

Exchange of gases between blood and the lungs

Question 7

Internal respiration-

Answer 7

Exchange of gases between blood and the body tissues

Question 8

Cellular respiration-

Answer 8

Production of ATP energy within the cells

Question 9

Pleural membranes have two sets of membranes…

Where are each of them?

Answer 9

• one is joined to the lung

- One is joined to the ribs and diaphragm

Question 10

Pleural membranes are close together and separated by a slight amount of….

Answer 10

Fluid (vacuum is created)

Question 11

If the membranes are punctured, air enters the inter-plural space, destroying the vacuum… What happens?

Answer 11

The lung collapses

Question 12

Pleural membranes maintain and intrapleural pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure. This…

Answer 12

Keeps the lungs open

Question 13

The chest cavity is what shape?

Answer 13

Dome shaped

Question 14

The top and sides of the chest cavity are surrounded by ribs, the bottom is made up by the diaphragm… it is a ______ System

Answer 14

Closed

Question 15

Inhalation:

1. What are the primary stimuli that cause us to breathe?

Answer 15

CO2 concentration and H+ concentration

Question 16

Inhalation:

1. When carbon dioxide and or the hydrogen ion concentration gets too high the breathing centre in the _______________ is stimulated

Answer 16

Medulla oblongata

Question 17

Inhalation:

2. A nerve impulse is sent from the medulla oblongata to The…

Answer 17

Diaphragm and rib cage

Question 18

Inhalation:

3. The diaphragm contracts and __________; The rib muscles contract (intercostal muscles) and raise the ribs. These actions…

Answer 18

Lowers. Increase the size of the chest cavity. increased volume

Question 19

Inhalation:

4. A partial vacuum is created in the lungs.

Answer 19

Air pressure in the lungs is reduced

Question 20

Inhalation:

5. Air rushes into the lungs from the outside in order to__________________. This is the process of….

Answer 20

Rebalance the pressure, inspiration

Question 21

Air comes in because the lungs have already opened the air does not force the lungs open this is why it is said that we breathe by _________________

Answer 21

Negative Pressure

Question 22

What does it mean that we breathe by negative pressure?

Answer 22

Low pressure sucks the air into our lungs

Question 23

The lungs themselves have no_________

Answer 23

Muscles

Question 24

Exhalation:

1. When the lungs are full, stretch receptors…….

Answer 24

In the alveoli are simulated

Question 25

Acceleration: 2. The ______________ is notified and stops sending messages

Answer 25

Doula oblongata

Question 26

Exhalation: 3. The diaphragm and rib muscles...

Answer 26

Relax

Question 27

Exhalation: 4. The chest cavity gets smaller decreasing volume which increases the pressure in the lungs

Answer 27

Air is forced out

Question 28

What are the receptors other than the respiratory centre in the Medela oblongata that can respond to stimuli

Answer 28

The Carotid bodies and the Aortic bodies.

Question 29

Where are the Carotid bodies found?

Answer 29

In the carotid artery

Question 30

Where are the aortic bodies found?

Answer 30

In the aorta

Question 31

What is the job of the Carotid and aortic bodies?

Answer 31

They respond to high concentration of hydrogen ions but can also respond to levels of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 32

Gas exchange: When carbon dioxide diffuses from the cells in the blood, what percent reaching the blood is held in simple solution (as dissolved carbon dioxide)

Answer 32

9%

Question 33

Gas exchange: Another ________ attaches directly to the haemoglobin to form carbonamino-hemoglobin

Answer 33

27%

Question 34

Gas exchange: The remaining 64% combines with water to form ______________ And hydrogen ions

Answer 34

Bicarbonate ions

Question 35

Gas exchange: Each time blood Passes through the tissues, it picks up large quantities of what?

Answer 35

Carbon dioxide

Question 36

Gas exchange: After blood passes through the tissues and picks up large quantities of carbon dioxide it then reacts with water to form....

Answer 36

Bicarbonate and hydrogen ions

Question 37

Gas exchange: There are many substances in the blood capable of finding the excess free ___________

Answer 37

Hydrogen ions

Question 38

Gas exchange: What is one of the most important substances in the blood capable of binding the excess free hydrogen ions?

Answer 38

Hemoglobin

Question 39

Gas exchange: When hydrogen combines with the hemoglobin...

Answer 39

the hemoglobin releases some of the oxygen attached to it

Question 40

what is the gas exchange in tissues?

Answer 40

Internal respiration

Question 41

Gas exchange in tissues: 1. What diffuses into the blood from the cell?

Answer 41

CO2 (Carbon dioxide)

Question 42

Gas exchange in tissues: 2. CO2 then joins with water to make bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. What is the enzyme that runs this reaction?

Answer 42

Carbonic anahydrase

Question 43

Gas exchange in tissues: 3. Most of the released hydrogen is picked up by the combined form of ...

Answer 43

Oxygen and haemoglobin(Oxyhemoglobin)

Question 44

Gas exchange in tissues: The binding of hydrogen and oxyhemoglobin produces reduced hemoglobin which aids in....

Answer 44

The release of oxygen

Question 45

Gas exchange in tissues: The hydrogen concentration and the slight increase in temperature altered the haemoglobin (protein denatures slightly) and releases...

Answer 45

Oxygen easily

Question 46

Gas exchange in tissues: 4. Oxygen then enters the tissues moving from an area of...

Answer 46

High concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 47

Gas exchange in tissues: The blood leaving the tissues now contains large quantities of haemoglobin which is free of oxygen and is called ______________. The blood also contains large amounts of _______________. No further changes occur until the blood has reached the.........

Answer 47

Reduced haemoglobin (HHb), bicarbonate ions, lungs

Question 48

Gas exchange in the lungs: 1. High concentration of oxygen in the ________. Oxygen diffuses into blood

Answer 48

Lungs

Question 49

Gas exchange in the lungs: 2. What is formed when oxygen joins with reduced hemoglobin?

Answer 49

Oxyhemoglobin and hydrogen ions

Question 50

Gas exchange in the lungs: 3. Hydrogen is picked up by bicarbonate to produce...

Answer 50

CO2 + H2O

Question 51

Gas exchange in the lungs: 4. What diffuses into the lung alveoli where it is expelled by normal breathing?

Answer 51

CO2. Note hydrogen does not accumulate because as soon as it is released from Reduced hemoglobin it combines with bicarbonate ions to release carbon dioxide

Question 52

Gas exchange in the lungs: | Haemoglobin is essential in the blood because...

Answer 52

It serves as a carrier for oxygen carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions(acts as a buffer)

Question 53

Gas exchange in the lungs: Temperature is ________ Which allows haemoglobin to grab oxygen easier

Answer 53

Cooler