respiratory system physiology

Question 1

define ventilation

Answer 1

airflow into and out of the alveoli

Question 2

define perfusion

Answer 2

the flow of blood to the alveoli

Question 3

define Boyle’s law

Answer 3

the volume of a gas depends inversely on its pressure

Question 4

muscles involved with breathing

Answer 4

internal and external intercostals, diaphragm

Question 5

what are the two types of breathing pressures

Answer 5

intrapleural pressure: pressure within the pleural cavity

intrapulmonary pressure: pressure within the alveoli

Question 6

list the steps of inspiration and expiration

Answer 6

1. muscles elevate rib cage and depress the diaphragm
2. thoracic volume increases
3. intrapulmonary pressure decreases
4. gases flow into the lungs

same order but opposite actions for expiration

Question 7

what are some factors affecting pulmonary ventilation

Answer 7

compliance: the ability for lungs and pleural cavity to respond to pressure changes
elastic recoil: the ability for alveoli to decrease the size
surface tension: increase ST causes resistance to expand alveoli
air resistance: resistance of respiratory tract against airflow

Question 8

the air that can be exhaled or inhaled after a normal breath, respectively?

Answer 8

what is your expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume

Question 9

the air moving in and out of the lungs while breathing at rest

Answer 9

define tidal volume?

Question 10

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

Answer 10

vital capacity

Question 11

what is the pulmonary function test called

Answer 11

spirometry

Question 12

name one obstructive and one restrictive cause of fault in breathing

Answer 12

asthma: hyperresponsiveness in bronchi with inflammation component
obesity;