Respiratory System Anatomy Flashcards
Name 3 functions of the respiratory system
breathing (pulmonary ventilation)
Inhalation (inspiration)
Exhalation (expiration)
what are the three main tubes that run through the diaphragm
Vena cava
Aorta
Esophagus
what are % of fibre types in the diaphragm
55% type 1
45% type 2a/2X
what is the diaphragm stimulated by
left and right phrenic nerves
how many intercostal muscles are there in the human body
22
11 on each side
what are the two types of intercostal muscles
internal
external
what type of process is inhalation
active
what percentage of the inhalation process is the diaphragm responsible for
75%
what percentage of the inhalation process is the external intercostal muscle responsible for
25%
is air from outside of the lungs more pressurised than the air inside the lungs
No, there is more pressure outside of the lung on air
what type of process is exhalation
usually passive
when is exhalation active
when there is a contraction in the intercostal, transverse and abdominal muscles
where is the conducting zone
pharynx and larynx
what is the order of section sin the pharynx
- Nasopharnyx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
what does the larynx do
conducts air into lower respiratory tract and produces sound
how long is the trachea
4-6 inches
why is the trachea made of 16-20 C-shaped rings
it connects to the esophagus
what do the C-shaped rings help the trachea to do
allows trachea to expand and lengthen
where is the apex of the lugs
top of the lungs
what are the main components of the left lung
left superior lobe
left inferior lobe
cardiac notch
what are the main components of the right lung
right superior lobe
right inferior lobe
right middle lobe
how many sections to the airway in the lung are there
9
how many alveoli are in an 8 year old
300 million
what different alveolar types are there
Type 1 alveolar cell
Type 2 alveolar cell
