Respiratory System

Question 1

Normal Breathing

Answer 1

12-20 breaths per minute.

Question 2

Bradypnea

Answer 2

Slower than 12 breaths per minute.

Question 3

Tachypnea

Answer 3

Faster than 20 breaths per minute.

Question 4

Hyperpnea (Hyperventilation)

Answer 4

Faster than 20 breaths per minute, deep breathing.

Hypernea is a type of tachypnea in which breaths are unusually large and deep resulting in hyperventilation.

Question 5

Sighing

Answer 5

Frequently interspersed deeper breathing.

Question 6

Air Trapping

Answer 6

Increasing difficulty in getting breath out.

Question 7

Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 7

Varying periods of increasing depth interspersed with apnea.

Question 8

Kussmaul breathing

Answer 8

Rapid, deep and labored breathing.

A type of Hypernea

Question 9

Biot

Answer 9

Irregularly interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized sequence of breaths.

Question 10

Ataxic

Answer 10

Significant disorganization with irregular and varying depths of respiration

Question 11

Hypopnea

Answer 11

Slow and shallow breaths, seen as an adaptive response to pleuritic painful situations, such as rib fractures.

Question 12

Apnea

Answer 12

The absence of normal spontaneous respiration.

Question 13

Orthopnea

Answer 13

A type of dyspnea that begins or increases as the pt lies down, results from the pulmonary edema of congestive heart failure.

Question 14

Paroxymal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Answer 14

Pt with underlying congestive heart failure and causes the individual to be short of breath when lying down at night.

Question 15

Adventitious Breath Sounds

Answer 15

Abnormal breath sounds that are superimposed on normal breath sounds.

Fluid in the pleural space may make breath sounds distant or even absent; however, fluid within the lung parencheyma, such as in pulmonary edema or pneumonia, may accentuate breath sounds because sound is transmitted quicker through liquids than through air.

Similarly, consolidated masses within the lungs, such as pneumonia, will transmit louder sounds.

Question 16

Crackles

Answer 16

Or Rales, are adventitious sounds that occur as a result of disruption of airflow in the smaller airways, usually by fluid.

Question 17

Wheezes

Answer 17

Adventitious sounds that represent airway obstruction from mucus, spasm, or even a foreign body.
More pronounced during expiration.

Rhonchi is referred as low-pitched, sonorous wheezes.

Question 18

Stridor

Answer 18

A adventitious sound often confused with wheezes. The difference is the obstruction in stridor generally occurs in the central airways, such as the trachea or larynx, and is more pronounced during inspiration.

Question 19

Pleural Rubs

Answer 19

Sounds that occur outside the respiratory tree and result from friction between visceral and parietal pleura in conditions that cause inflammation of the pleura, such as pleurisy.

Question 20

Bronchophony

Answer 20

Occurs when speech becomes clearer and louder.

Question 21

Whispered Pectorilouquy

Answer 21

Whispered speech that can be heard clearly through the stethoscope.

Question 22

Egophony

Answer 22

Spoken “e” is heard as an “a”.

Obstruction of the respiratory tree causes diminished vocal resonance.

Consolidation of the lung tissue will produce egophony.

Question 23

Diaphragm

Answer 23

Used to hear high-pitched sounds (bowel, lung, and normal heart sounds).

The big part

Question 24

Bell

Answer 24

Used to hear low-pitched sounds (Abnormal heart sounds and vascular sounds).

The smaller part.

Question 25

Upper Respiratory Tract

Answer 25

Nasal Passages
Paranasal Sinuses
Pharynx, including nasopharynx and oropharynx
Larynx or voice box.

Question 26

Lower Respiratory Tract

Answer 26

Trachea
Right and Left Bronchi
Lung Parenchyma