respiratory system Flashcards
the voice box
larynx
the windpipe; the tube that connects the pharynx and the lungs
trachea
two divisions of the breathing passageway that leads from the trachea to the lungs
bronchi
the smaller divisions of the breathing passageways that lead from the bronchi into the lungs
bronchioles
the small sacs where gas exchange in the lungs occurs
alveoli
the conversion of glucose and oxygen into ATP and carbon dioxide; occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells
cellular respiration
the energy molecule of cells; formed in the process of cellular respiration
ATP
a slippery secretion that lines the breathing passageways; helps to trap pathogens that are inhaled
mucus
minute, hairlike organelles that line the surfaces of the cells of the breathing passageways
cilia
the movement of materials from high to low concentration; how oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of the blood in the respiratory and circulatory systems
diffusion
the process of exchanging oxygen into or out of cells with carbon dioxide moving in the opposite direction
gas exchange
the dome-shaped sheet of muscle and tendon that serves as the main muscle of respiration and plays a vital role in the breathing process
diaphragm
breathing in
inhalation
breathing out
exhalation
chronic (long term) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways
asthma
an inflammation of the lining of your bronchial tubes; generally caused by a bacterial infection of the bronchi
bronchitis
gradually damages the air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs, making you progressively more short of breath
emphysema
an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli; generally caused by a bacterial infection of the alveoli
pneumonia
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a progressive disease that makes it hard to breathe
COPD
Cancer of the lungs
lung cancer
the throat; connects the mouth to the entrance of the trachea and espohagus
pharynx
