respiratory system Flashcards
the voice box
larynx
the windpipe; the tube that connects the pharynx and the lungs
trachea
two divisions of the breathing passageway that leads from the trachea to the lungs
bronchi
the smaller divisions of the breathing passageways that lead from the bronchi into the lungs
bronchioles
the small sacs where gas exchange in the lungs occurs
alveoli
the conversion of glucose and oxygen into ATP and carbon dioxide; occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells
cellular respiration
the energy molecule of cells; formed in the process of cellular respiration
ATP
a slippery secretion that lines the breathing passageways; helps to trap pathogens that are inhaled
mucus
minute, hairlike organelles that line the surfaces of the cells of the breathing passageways
cilia
the movement of materials from high to low concentration; how oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of the blood in the respiratory and circulatory systems
diffusion
the process of exchanging oxygen into or out of cells with carbon dioxide moving in the opposite direction
gas exchange
the dome-shaped sheet of muscle and tendon that serves as the main muscle of respiration and plays a vital role in the breathing process
diaphragm
breathing in
inhalation
breathing out
exhalation
chronic (long term) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways
asthma
