Respiratory System Flashcards
Name the gas that exists in the blood and enters the alveoli of the lungs
Carbon Dioxide
Which statement accurately depicts the gas levels in the blood of the pulmonary veins?
Oxygen Rich, Carbon Dioxide Poor
Which process is passive?
Exhalation
What prevents food and liquids from entering the respiratory tract?
Epiglottis
What are made of one layer of squamous epithelial tissue and contain a rich network of blood capillaries?
Alveoli
Voice box, located between the pharynx and trachea
Larynx
What is the process of exchanging gases between the atmosphere and body cells called?
Respiration
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Moistens, filters, and warms air you breathe in
What conducts air from the trachea to alveoli?
Bronchi tree
What is the passageway for air moving from the nasal cavity to larynx and for food moving from the oral cavity to the esophagus called?
Pharynx
During a soccer match, Emily notices her breathing rate increases significantly after sprinting. Which of the following best explains why this happens?
Her body needs to expel excess carbon dioxide and take in more oxygen
Michael, who has asthma, begins to experience difficulty breathing after being exposed to dust. What is the most likely physiological reason for this reaction?
His bronchioles have constricted, reducing airflow to the lungs
While scuba diving, Lisa ascends too quickly from deep underwater. She suddenly feels severe chest pain and dizziness. What is the most likely reason for her symptoms?
The rapid pressure change caused her lungs to over-expand and possibly rupture
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system
A) gas exchange
B) absorption of nutrients
C) structural support
D) transport for oxygen
A) gas exchange
When the diaphragm contracts, what occurs
Inhalation
On a cold winter night, Mark feels that breathing is slightly more difficult when he jogs outside. What could be the reason for this sensation?
Cold air causes the bronchioles to constrict, reducing airflow
A car accident causes a deep chest injury in David, puncturing one of his lungs. He struggles to breathe and his oxygen levels drop. Why does this injury affect his breathing?
The hole allows air to enter the chest cavity, preventing lung expansion
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place
Alveoli
Which one of the following is not a function of the nose
A) to warm air entering the nose
B) to trap bacteria
C) to trap dust particles
D) to exchange gases
D) to exchange gases
The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called
Internal respiration
The nose serves all the following functions EXCEPT:
A) as the initiator of the cough reflex
B) warming and humidifying the air
C) cleansing the air
D) as a passageway for air movement
A) as the initiator of the cough reflex
The digestive and respiratory passageways meet one another at a region of the pharynx referred to as what
Oropharynx
The cartilage of the larynx that resembles a ring and connects the trachea and larynx
Cricoid cartilage
Label 1
Nasal Cavity
Label 2
Nose
Label 3
Mouth
Label 4
Oral Cavity
Label 5
Epiglottis
Label 6
Pharynx
Label 7
Larynx
Label 8
Trachea
Label 9
Right Bronchus
Label 10
Right Lung
Label 11
Diaphragm
Label 12
Alveoli
Label 13
Left Bronchus
Label 14
Bronchiole
Label 15
Left Lung
What are the 8 steps of respiration?
- Air containing oxygen is inhaled into the alveoli during the inspiratory phase of pulmonary ventilation
- Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into the blood of pulmonary capillaries during alveolar gas exchange
- Oxygen is transported within the blood from the lungs to the systemic cells of the body
- Oxygen diffuses from the blood within the systemic capillaries into the systemic cells during systemic gas exchange
- Carbon dioxide diffuses from systemic cells into the blood within systemic capillaries during systemic gas exchange
- Carbon dioxide is transported within the blood from systemic cells to the lungs
- Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood within the pulmonary capillaries into the alveoli during alveolar gas exchange
- Air containing carbon dioxide is then exhaled from the alveoli into the atmosphere during the expiratory phase of pulmonary ventilation
Explain the difference between pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation
Pulmonary ventilation, known as breathing, is the movement of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli. It consists of two cyclic phases: inspiration (inhalation) which brings air into the lungs, and expiration (exhalation) which forces air out of the lungs. Alveolar ventilation is defined as the volume of fresh air entering and alveolar air leaving the alveoli per minute.
James is eating a sandwich while laughing. Suddenly, he starts coughing uncontrollably. What likely happened in James’ respiratory system, and which structure is responsible for preventing food from entering the airway?
James was laughing while eating which caused food to accidentally enter the airway instead of going down the esophagus. This resulted in him coughing to clear the obstruction. The epiglottis is responsible for covering the trachea when swallowing. If the epiglottis fails to close properly, food can enter the airway, leading to choking and coughing.
