Respiratory System

Question 1

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration is the process where glucose reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
Equation:
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

Question 2

Where does aerobic respiration occur in cells?

Answer 2

Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells, which are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 3

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 3

Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen, producing lactic acid and releasing less energy.
Equation:
Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy

Question 4

Describe the pathway of air through the human respiratory system.

Answer 4

1. Nose/Mouth
   
   2. Trachea
   3. Bronchi
   4. Bronchioles
   5. Alveoli (Air Sacs)

Question 5

What happens at the alveoli during gas exchange?

Answer 5

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.

Question 6

How do inhalation and exhalation work?

Answer 6

Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts and moves downward, intercostal muscles expand the rib cage, and air is drawn into the lungs.
Exhalation: Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, reducing lung volume and pushing air out.

Question 7

How does the body respond to increased energy demands during exercise?

Answer 7

• Breathing rate increases to take in more oxygen.
  
  • Heart rate rises to deliver oxygen to muscles faster.
  • Cells may switch to anaerobic respiration if oxygen supply is insufficient.

Question 8

What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

Answer 8

Breathing: The physical process of inhaling and exhaling air.
Respiration: The chemical process inside cells that converts glucose and oxygen into energy.

Question 9

What by-product is produced during anaerobic respiration, and why is it harmful?

Answer 9

Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration. It can accumulate in muscles, causing fatigue and soreness.

Question 10

Why is oxygen important for respiration?

Answer 10

Oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration, which produces the energy required for muscle function, growth, and repair.

Question 11

What is respiration in living things?

Answer 11

Respiration is a series of chemical reactions that happen inside every living cell.

Question 12

What type of respiration usually occurs in our cells?

Answer 12

Aerobic Respiration

Question 13

What does aerobic respiration require and produce?

Answer 13

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product.

Question 14

How does oxygen get to the cells in the body?

Answer 14

Oxygen from the air goes into the blood, which delivers it to every cell in the body for respiration.

Question 15

What happens to carbon dioxide produced by cells during respiration?

Answer 15

The blood collects the waste carbon dioxide from the cells and delivers it back to the lungs.

Question 16

Name three main components of the human respiratory system.

Answer 16

Entrance to nose, entrance to mouth, voicebox (larynx).

Question 17

What is the windpipe also known as?

Answer 17

The Trachea

Question 18

What supports the windpipe (trachea)?

Answer 18

Rings of cartilage.

Question 19

What are the bronchi and bronchioles?

Answer 19

The bronchus (plural: bronchi) are the large airways that branch into the lungs, which further divide into smaller bronchioles.

Question 20

What are air sacs in the lungs called?

Answer 20

Alveoli

Question 21

What muscles help with breathing by moving the rib bones?

Answer 21

Intercostal muscles (muscles between the ribs).

Question 22

What muscle sits below the lungs and aids in breathing?

Answer 22

The diaphragm

Question 23

What is the trachea and what supports it?

Answer 23

The trachea is the windpipe, and it has strong rings of cartilage around it that keep it open and prevent it from collapsing.

Question 24

How does the trachea connect to the lungs?

Answer 24

The trachea branches into two bronchi, one for each lung.

Question 25

What are the bronchi and what do they do?

Answer 25

There are two bronchi, one for each lung. They carry air deep into the lungs and branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles.

Question 26

What are bronchioles and what do they lead to?

Answer 26

Bronchioles are smaller tubes that branch from the bronchi and lead to tiny structures called air sacs.

Question 27

What are air sacs (alveoli) and what is their function?

Answer 27

Air sacs, or alveoli, are tiny structures where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.