Respiratory System Flashcards
respiratory epithelium
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, prominent basal bodies, goblet cells, thickened basement membrane
trachea ring
composed of hyaline cartilage
respiratory mucosa
ciliated pseduostratified columnar epithelium, mucous goblet cells, basal cells, thickened basement membrane, apical line representing basal bodies, cilia
no brush cells or granule cells
submucosa
above and to either side of cartilage, can see serous and mucous glands
tracheal mucosa
abundance of goblet cells, basal bodies, thick basement membrane, small blood vessels and lymphatics in both the lamina propria and submucosa
sinus
cavity within bone, lined with respiratory epithelium, connects to nasal air passage by duct
concahe
superior, middle, inferior. turbinate bone inside each conchae, covered with respiratory epithelium
swell bodies
venous sinus, contained in loose CT around turbinate bone, brings warmth and humidity to nasal airways
bowman’s glands
specialized glands in the olfactory area, produces proteinaceous serous secretions
proteinaceous serous secretions
clear cell surfaces of old odorants, enhances odorant absorption
olfactory nerve bundle
non-myelinated nerve, appears very cellular
olfactory epithelium
consists of basal cells, supporting cells, bipolar neurons. non-ciliated epithelium, nuclei have more ordered appearance
laryngeal cartilage
prominent perichondrium, skeletal muscle, chondrocytes in lacunae
vestibular fold (false volcal cord)
no skeletal muscle in submucosa, serous and mucous glands present in submucosa, respiratory epithelium
true vocal cord
pominent skeletal muscle in submucosa, no serous or mucous glands present in submucosa, vocal ligament between skeletal muscle and epithelium, stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium
alveolar septae
thin tissues separating alveoli or alveolar sacs and ducts
mesothelium
discontinuous row of nuclei, found in pleura, rests on CT of collagen and elastic fibers
bronchi
irregular cartilage plates, respiratory epithelium
regular bronchiole
no cartilage, prominent smooth muscle, ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, clara cells
clara cells
present between epithelial cells, provides lubrication
terminal bronchiole
non-ciliated columnar or cuboidal epithelium, no goblet cells, clara cells
respiratory bronchiole
non-ciliated cuboidal or columnar epithelium, clara cells, alveolar outpockets
alveolar sac
an airspace that serves as the common opening for multiple alveoli
alveolar cusp
projects into the alveolar duct
endothelial cells lining the alveolar
capillaries are identified
by their crescent shaped nucleus
Type I pneumocyte
has a flattened nucleus which bulges out into the alveolar airspace and its cytoplasm is extremely attenuated and not visible around the nucleus
Type II pneumocyte
has a large round nucleus, visible cytoplasm, and is commonly found at the junction of alveolar septums
alveolar macrophages or dust cells
darker cells clumped at the septal junction with prominent black granules in their cytoplasm
pores of kohn
discrete holes in walls of adjacent alveoli
