Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the function of the Respiratory System?
To bring oxygen to the blood (which creates ATP) and to remove carbon dioxide from the blood.
What is the anatomy of the Respiratory System?
nose/mouth
pharynx (throat)
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
What is the function of the nose?
moistens air and traps incoming foreign particles
What is the function of the sinuses?
spaces within the bones that lighten the skull and act as resonance chambers for speech
What is the function of the pharynx?
muscular passage from the nasal cavity to the larynx (is a passage for both food and air)
What is the function of the larynx?
the voice box and helps route air and food into proper chambers.
vocal cords vibrate to create speech
What is the function of the Epiglottis?
flap that directs food and air into correct channels
What is a Tracheostomy?
a tube put into the trachea to help regulate airflow
sometimes used with people who are choaking
What is the Esophogus?
muscular tube which food travels down the
What is the trachea?
the windpipe of the body which connects the larynx with the bronchi
has rigid walls and cartilage to help keep it open
lined with cilia (tiny hairs)
What is the function of the bronchi?
formed by division of the trachea and subdivided into bronchioles
What is the function of the alveoli?
used for gas exchange within the lungs with the help of diffusion. they are the smallest of the parts of the lungs
Vaping
symptoms: mucus buildup, wheezing, coughing
5x more likely to contract covid
COPD
EVALI
Emphysema
related to smoking
alveoli lose elasticity and can break which results in loss of surface area
patients have lower oxygen diffusion and difficulty exhaling (sometimes resulting in the need to oxygen tanks)
Bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi due to an infection so the bronchi gets a narrow opening due to mucus buildup
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
umbrella term referring to chronic bronchitis or emphysema
Lung Cancer
most deadly type of cancer
tumors in your lungs take up space and metastasizes
Asthma
inflammation due to hypersensitive bronchiole passages (reaction)
Cystic Fibrosis
genetic condition which results in an over secretion of thick mucus clogs in the respiratory system
COVID
inflammation and scar tissue decreases diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
