Respiratory System Flashcards
What is Respiration?
The exchange of oxygen from the air and carbon dioxide from cells.
What is the Respiratory System also known as?
It is also known as the body’s breathing system
Name 2 functions of the respiratory system
- Brings oxygen from the atmosphere into the lungs
- Provides a method of gas exchange into the lungs, for oxygen to enter the blood and for carbon dioxide to leave the blood.
What does the Respiratory System consist of?
The Air passage, lungs and diaphragm
What does the Air passage consist of?
It consist of the mouth and nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, the trachea and the bronchi.
Describe the purpose of the Nasal Cavity in the respiratory system?
The purpose of the nasal cavity is to filter out dust and pollen with small hairs called cilia.
What is the function of the Pharynx?
Allow the passage of air and food.
What part of the Respiratory System is shared with the Digestive System?
The Pharynx is the only part that is shared so that the epiglottis functions the air to go through the larynx and food into the oesophagus.
What part of the respiratory system is called the ‘voice box’?
The larynx
What is the function of the Larynx?
The function of the larynx is for air to pass through the larynx and into the trachea
Describe the purpose of the Trachea?
Allow air to pass through it into the bronchi and has rings of cartilage to hold it open
What is the Trachea also know as?
The Trachea is also known as the ‘wind pipe’
What do Bronchioles do?
The Bronchioles split up and end in millions of small air sacs called alveoli.
What does the Alveoli do?
The Alveoli are surrounded by capillaries and this is where gas exchange takes place.
How does the nose filter out dust, pollen and impurities?
Small hairs called cilia
What is pleura?
The membrane that covers the lungs
What takes up most of the thoracic cavity?
Lungs
What controls the expansion and contraction of the lungs?
Diaphragm
What are intercostal muscles?
Muscles found between the ribs and they assist with breathing
When are intercostal muscles needed?
An increased needed for oxygen by the body especially during physical activity
What are the 2 stages of respiration?
External/Pulmonary Respiration, Internal/Cell Respiration
Name 3 functions of External Respiration
Gets air in and out of the lungs, exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, gets oxygen into the blood stream
Name the 3 function of Internal Respiration
Gets oxygen into the body cells, exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells, removes carbon dioxide and waste
Define respiratory rate
How many breaths we take in a minute
What is tidal volume?
The amt of air we can take in or out in 1 breath
What is minute volume?
Amt of ait we can breathe in 1 min
Define vital capcity
Largest amt of air that can be forced out of the lungs
Explain residual volume?
Amt of air left in the lungs after breathing out as hard as possible
What is total lung capacity?
Vital capcity added to the residual volume
