Respiratory System Flashcards
Functions of respiratory sys 4
Extract oxygen from atmosphere and transfer it to the bloodstream via the lungs.
Excrete water vapor and carbon dioxide.
Maintain the normal acid-base status of the blood.
Ventilate the lungs.
Upper airway is made up of?
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Lower airway is made up of?
Trachea
Lungs
What does the nose do?
Warmers
Filters and cleans
Humidified
What makes up the nasal cavity 6
Nasal septum
Vestibule
Nasal conchae
Superior, middle and interior meatuses
Olfactory region
Sinuses
What is the pleura?
Membrane containing serous fluid which lines the outer lung surfaces
what is the Bronchi?
Divide trachea at its base - one bronchus per lung
Right bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical
Left bronchus is smaller in diameter
what are the Bronchioles? 3
Smaller divisions of the bronchi.
Pass air to all parts of the lung
end at the alveoli
what is the Alveoli? 2
Tiny air sacs through which
gaseous exchange takes place
What are the Two respiratory movements?
Inspiration
Expiration
What is gaseous exchange
Process where dissolved substances
cross semi-permeable membrane
If two gases of different composition interact,
they intermingle until both have same composition
What is External respiration in lungs?
Oxygen from inhaled air is absorbed into blood via lung capillaries
Internal respiration in tissues:
Carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the lungs and is exhaled
where are the Chemoreceptors?
Situated in walls of the aorta and carotid bodies
Chemoreceptors are stimulated by?
increased CO2 partial pressure in the blood which stimulates respiration
Small reduction in O2 partial pressure has same effect, whilst substantial reductions tend to have a depressing effect
Composition of Expired air?
79% Nitrogen
16% Oxygen
4% Carbon dioxide
1% inert gases
Water vapour ( increased amount) to saturation
