Respiratory system

Question 1

Respiratory system

Answer 1

System consisting of the lungs and breathing passages involved in exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the outside air and the blood

Question 2

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 2

Nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Question 3

pulmonary circuit

Answer 3

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 4

Nostrils

Answer 4

Openings in the nose through which air enters the nasal cavity. lined with hairs called cilia.

Question 5

Cilia

Answer 5

thin hair in the nose that is covered in mucus and acts as a natural filter

Question 6

Sinus

Answer 6

A cavity within the skull bones

Question 7

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 7

Are a group of four air filled cavities lined with mucous membranes

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

commonly known as the throat. its a passageway between the mouth and esophagus. and is broken into three distinct sections

Question 9

Nasopharynx

Answer 9

Upper portion of the pharynx. posterior to the nasal cavity

Question 10

Oropharynx

Answer 10

middle portion of the pharynx. located behind the mouth

Question 11

Laryngopharynx

Answer 11

Lowest portion of the pharynx, opening into the larynx and esophagus

Question 12

Larynx

Answer 12

commonly known as the voice box this connects the pharynx and trachea

Question 13

Vocal folds

Answer 13

Known as vocal cords, these are folds of mucous membrane used in producing speech and located centrally in the superior larynx

Question 14

Glottis

Answer 14

The space between your vocal cords

Question 15

Epiglottis

Answer 15

Leaf shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing. prevents food from going down the wrong pipe

Question 16

Lower respiratory system

Answer 16

Comprised of the trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles , and alveoli

Question 17

Trachea

Answer 17

Commonly referred to as the windpipe, this conducts air between the larynx and lungs. the trachea is a framework of separate cartilage rings in the shape of a horseshoe.

Question 18

Lungs

Answer 18

Two large organs through which gas is exchanged between the blood and environment Right lung had 3 lobes and Left lung has 2 lobes

Question 19

Bronchi

Answer 19

Large air passage ways in the lungs

Question 20

Bronchioles

Answer 20

they carry air to the alveoli

Question 21

Alveoli

Answer 21

Clusters of air sacs where the gas exchange takes place in the lungs between the outside air and the blood

Question 22

Surfactant

Answer 22

Substance in the alveoli that prevents their collapse by reducing surface tension of the fluid lining them.

Question 23

pleura

Answer 23

Continuous serous membrane doubled sac that covers each lung

Question 24

Pleural space

Answer 24

space between the two layers of the pleura containing a thin film of fluid

Question 25

Diaphragm

Answer 25

Dome shaped muscle used to breathe, located between the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Question 26

Ventilation

Answer 26

the movement of air into and out of the lungs, its a two step process

Question 27

Inhalation/ inspiration

Answer 27

breathing in

Question 28

Exhalation/ expiration

Answer 28

breathing out

Question 29

Respiration

Answer 29

The process of taking oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide for cell metabolism

Question 30

External respiration

Answer 30

the process of breathing

Question 31

internal respiration

Answer 31

the process of the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells.

Question 32

Tidal volume

Answer 32

The amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in during normal breathing

Question 33

Residual volume

Answer 33

the volume of air that remains in the lungs after exhaling

Question 34

Vital capacity

Answer 34

The volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum exhalation after maximum inhalation

Question 35

Upper respiratory infection

Answer 35

any infection to the nose, larynx, pharynx.

Question 36

Bronchitits

Answer 36

Inflammation of the bronchi often due to smoking

Question 37

pneumonia

Answer 37

inflammation to the lungs in which the air spaces become filled with fluids can be bacterial or viral

Question 38

Asthma

Answer 38

a condition where a person’s airway becomes inflamed, narrow, and swell, and produce extra mucus.

Question 39

emphysema

Answer 39

enlargement and damage of the alveoli. The alveoli burst and fuse into enlarged air spaces. the surface area for gas exchange is reduced

Question 40

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 40

This term is used to describe several associated lung disorders.

Question 41

Influenza

Answer 41

The flu. An acute contagious disease causing inflammation in the URT. it is viral and can spread into the LRT

Question 42

Tuberculosis

Answer 42

Infectious respiratory infection where bacteria grows inside the lung

Question 43

pleurisy

Answer 43

inflammation of the pleura and usually accompanies a lung infection

Question 44

Pneumothorax

Answer 44

An accumulation of air in the plural space caused by an injury to the chest wall or rupture of the lungs air spaces.

Question 45

Lung cancer

Answer 45

Cancer in the lungs most prevalent in smokers and those exposed to certain chemicals

Question 46

Hyperpnea

Answer 46

increase in the depth and rate of breathing to meet body’s metabolic needs.

Question 47

Hypopnea

Answer 47

decrease in the rate and depth of breathing

Question 48

tachypnea

Answer 48

rapid rate of breathing

Question 49

apnea

Answer 49

absence of breathing. occurs during deep sleep

Question 50

dyspnea

Answer 50

difficulty breathing

Question 51

Orthopnea

Answer 51

difficulty in breathing that is relieved by sitting in upright position

Question 52

Kussmaul respirations

Answer 52

deep, rapid respirations with forced, pursed lip exhalations. typically seen in uncontrolled diabetics

Question 53

Cyanosis

Answer 53

Bluish color of the skin caused by lack of oxygen

Question 54

hypoxia

Answer 54

Decreased level of oxygenation to the body’s tissues