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@N Mbbs Final Proff PRACTICAL > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Types of cough (9)

A

Dry- pleural ds, mediastinal lesion
Productive - Suppurative lung ds
Brassy/Gander/ Leopard growl- intrathoracic space occupying lesions, aortic aneurysm, metallic sound
Bovine- recurrent laryngeal nerve irritation
Paroxysmal/sudden - BA, WHOOPING, FBS, CH BRONSHITIS
BARKING- croup, epiglottis
SPLUTTERING- TEF
HACKING- smoker, laryngitis
Otogenic- Arnold’s nerve irritation wax fb

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2
Q

Color of cough with expectoration 🗣🫁

A

YELLOW- bacterial
GREEN- pseudomonas
Red/ CURRANT JELLY- Klebsiella sticky
White- allergy, asthma, viral
Charcoal/BLACK/GRAY- occupational , environmental (melanoptysis
Brown- CLD, CF, Bronchiectasis
ANCHOVY SAUCE BROWN- ruptured amebic liver abscess
Orange- tropical eosinophilia
Rusty prudent- pneumococcal pneumonia
Yellow black granules- ACTINOMYCOSIS
BLOOD TINGED FROTHY- CHF/ PUL EDEMA

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3
Q

Nocturnal cough 😷
CLAT BP

A

Chronic bronchitis
LHF
Aspiration
Tropical eosinophilia
Bronchial asthma
Post nasal drip

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4
Q

Hemoptysis PARENCHYMAL causes🗣️🩸

A

TB- RASMUSSEN ANEURYSM_dilation of pul A. In tubercular cavity

Klebsiella pneumonia
ABPA
Trauma to parenchyma

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5
Q

Thin built

A

Pneumothorax
TB
HIV
Malignancy

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6
Q

PICKWIKIAN SYNDROME / OBESITY HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME

A

Obesity
Hypoxia
Pul htn
Too well built

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7
Q

Kartageners syndrome
🌟 RBS Male

A

Recurrent sinusitis with ciliary dyskinesia
Bronchiectasis
Situs inversus
Male infertility

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8
Q

Kartageners syndrome
🌟 RBS Male

A

Recurrent sinusitis with ciliary dyskinesia
Bronchiectasis
Situs inversus
Male infertility

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9
Q

Samters triad 🌟EBA

A

Ethmoidal polyp
Bronchial asthma
Aspirin sensitivity

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10
Q

Churg Strauss syndrome 🌟 GAVE

A

Granuloma
Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
Vasculitis
Eosinophillia

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11
Q

Hutchinsons index🌟

A

Normal transverse to AP dia of chest =7:5

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12
Q

Barrel chest 🌟

A

COPD, emphysema
Transverse : AP dia = 1:1
Exaggerated thoracic kyphosis
Wide subcostal angle

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13
Q

Flial chest 🌟

A

Paradoxical movement of chest in fracture of more than 3 ribs

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14
Q

Vertebral level of inf angle of scapula

A

T7

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15
Q

Hoover sign

A

COPD ,ch airway obstruction
Paradoxical indrwaing of lateral part of ribcage /costal margin

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16
Q

Broadbents sign

A

Indrwaing of lower ant chest wall with each ventricular systole

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17
Q

Cough center

A

Medulla
Nucleus tractus solitarius

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18
Q

Post tussive syncope

A
19
Q

MCC of chronic cough

A

Chronic cigarette smoking

20
Q

Acute cough causes ….resp? 🌟 TBVAP 🌟FABW …non resp ??

A

RESPIRATORY CAUSES …..
tracheobronchitis
Bronchioliyis
Viral pneumonitis
Acute bronchitis
Pulmonary embolism
Foreign body
Asthmatic bronchitis
Bronchial athma
Whooping cough

NON RESP CAUSES -
LVF
GERD

21
Q

Causes of chronic cough 🌟 SAVE LIVES

A
22
Q

Normal daily production of cough

A

10-15 ml per day

23
Q

Bronchorrea

A

More than 100 ml per day of expectoration

Causes :
Bronchiectasis
Bronchoalveolar ca
Op poisoning
PAP

24
Q

Three layer sputum

A

Top - frothy sputum
Middle - mucoid sputum
Lowest - pus cells

Seen in bronchiectasis

25
Q

Postural variation of secretions seen in

A

Bronchiectasis
Lung abscess

26
Q

Causes of HEMOPTYSIS

A

Bronchial
PARENCHYMAL
Vascular
Cardiovascular
Hematological

27
Q

Bronchial causes of HEMOPTYSIS

A

Bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Bronchial cancer

28
Q

Rasmussen aneurysm

A

Dilatation of pulmonary artery in a tuberculous cavity

29
Q

Vascular disease causing hemoptysis

A

Pulmonary infarction
PAN
Good pasteurs dis
Pulmonary HTN
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

30
Q

Cardiovascular causes of HEMOPTYSIS

A

Acute LV failure
Mitral stenosis
Aortic aneurysm
Pulmonary embolism

31
Q

Difference between HEMOPTYSIS AND HEMATEMESIS

A
32
Q

Massive hemoptysis DEFN

A

Coughing blood >=150 ml per episode
Or
>=600 ml per day

33
Q

Causes of massive hemoptysis

A

Pulmonary tb
Pulmonary embolism
Lung abscess
Bronchogenic ca
Bronchiectasis
Cystic fibrosis
Mitral stenosis
Pul AV malformations
Necrotizing pneumonia

34
Q

Causes of dyspnea

A

OBSTEUCTIVE - COPD , asthma ,foreign body , tumor

DECREASED COMPLIANCE- PULMONARY EDEMA , FIBROIS,
allergic alveolitis

ReSTRICTIVE chest expansion CAUSE -
Ankylosing spondylitis , kyphoscoliosis , respiratory paralysis

35
Q

Diseases with impaired respiratory muscle function

A

Poliomyelitis
GBS
MYasthenia gravis

36
Q

Herring breuer reflex

A

Due to J receptors at the alveolo capillary junction

37
Q

Orthopnea DEFN

A

Dyspnea in supine / dorsal recumbent position
Due to pulmonary congestion in recumbency, diaphragm elevation , increased venous return

38
Q

Causes of orthopnea

A

RESP- COPD , ASTHMA , BL DIAPHRAGM PALSY

NON RESP - Constrictive pericarditis , gerd , gross ascites , obesity

39
Q

DDx of PND

A

Night mares
Panic attacks
Nocturnal hypoglycemia
OSA

40
Q

Trepopnea DEFN

A

Aggravation of dyspnea when lying on one side and relieved by lying on opposite side

41
Q

Causes of trepopnea

A

Unilateral lung disease
CHF
Lung tumore

42
Q

Platypnea

A

Dyspnea on sitting or standing and relieved by supine position

43
Q

Platypnea causes

A

Venous to arterial shunting
Asd , pneumonectomy
Hepatopulmonary syndrome
Pulmonary embolism
COPD
ARDS
STRAIGHT BACK SYNDROME
Pericardial effusion
Constrictive pericarditis

@N Mbbs Final Proff PRACTICAL (3 decks)

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