Respiratory System

Question 1

Functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

1. air movement to and from the lungs 2. gas exchange between lungs and blood 3. protection from invading pathogens 4. sound production 5. olfaction 6. acid-base balance

Question 2

What is the function of the conducting zone?

Answer 2

The conducting zone is a route for incoming and outgoing air

Question 3

How is the conducting zone further divided and which structures fall into each category?

Answer 3

a. Upper respiratory tract: contains nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx b. Lower respiratory tract: contains larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree

Question 4

External Nare

Answer 4

Opening for airflow into and out of the respiratory system

Question 5

Olfactory Epithelium

Answer 5

Olfaction

Question 6

Respiratory Epithelium

Answer 6

Warms, filters, and humidifies the air

Question 7

Nasal Conchae

Answer 7

Creates turbulence that allows all incoming air to be exposed to respiratory epithelium

Question 8

Nasal Septum

Answer 8

Separates right and left nostrils

Question 9

Label the following

Answer 9

–Internal nare (bracket)

–external nare (bracket)

–inferior concha (red)

–middle concha (blue)

–superior concha (orange)

–hard palate (yellow)

–soft palate (green)

Question 10

What is the main function of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 10

Warms and moistens incoming air; reduces weight of skull

Question 11

Label the following paranasal sinues

Answer 11

–frontal sinus (green)

–ethmoid sinus (purple)

–sphenoid sinus (pink)

–maxillary sinus (blue)

Question 12

Regarding the nasopharynx:

a. Which structure forms the superior border?
b. What forms the inferior border?
c. Which structure covers the nasopharynx during swallowing?
d. What type of epithelium lines this region?
e. What is the sole function of the nasopharynx?

Answer 12

a. Internal nare
b. Oropharynx
c. Uvula
d. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
e. Passageway for air