Respiratory Physiology Flashcards
What is the innervation to the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
C3,C4,C5
Where is surfactant produced?
Type 2 pneumocytes
How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
- Dissolved
- Carbamino compounds
- Bicarbonate
How is minute ventilation calculated?
= tidal volume x respiratory rate
How is alveolar ventilation controlled?
Central chemoreceptors detected pCO2 Peripheral chemoreceptors (in carotid and aortic bodies) detect dissolved oxygen
Which factors cause a left shift of the oxygen dissociation curve?
Decreased temperature
Decreased 2,3-DPG
Decreased H+/alkalosis
Which factors cause a right shift of the oxygen dissociation curve?
Increased temperature
Increased 2,3-DPG
Acidosis/increased H+
Which structures pass through the diaphragm at the level T8?
= caval opening
Inferior vena cava (IVC)
Branches of the phrenic nerve
Which structures pass through the diaphragm at the level T10?
= oesophageal opening
Oesophagus
Which structures pass through the diaphragm at the level T12?
= aortic hiatus
Aorta
Thoracic duct
Azygous vein
What is the major production mechanism for 2,3-DPG?
Glycolysis
