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BS Respiratory system > Respiratory pharmacology > Flashcards

Respiratory pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

productive cough treated by…

A

expectorants or mucolytics

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2
Q

expectorants =

A

increase volume of secretion,

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3
Q

mucolytics =

A

decrease viscosity

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4
Q

expectorants examples

A

Guaiphenesin, ipecacuanha, oils

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5
Q

mucolytics examples

A

Acetyl cysteine, carbocystine, mecysteine

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6
Q

types of bronchial asthma

A
  1. allergy associated asthma
  2. asthma not associated with specific allergen
  3. exercise induced asthma
  4. asthma associated with COPD
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7
Q

treatment of asthma

A
  1. non specific
  2. dilation of narrowed bronchi
  3. prevention of release of transmitter
  4. antagonism of released transmitter
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8
Q

non specific treatment of bronchial hyperactivity

A 
(pharmalogical) = corticosteroids
(non-pharmalogical) = stop smoking, weight loss
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9
Q

dilation of narrowed bronchi

A

Mimicking dilator neurotransmitter: Sympathomimetics
Direct acting bronchodilators: Methylxanthines
Blockade of constrictor transmitter: Anticholinergics

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10
Q

prevention of release of transmitter

A

mast cell stabilisers

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11
Q

antagonism of released transmitter

A

leukotriene receptor antagonists (not agonists!)

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12
Q

corticosteroids

A

anti-inflammatory

reduced bronchial hyperactivity

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13
Q

brown inhaler = inhaled corticosteroids

A

Beclomethasone, Budesonide
Fluticasone, Flunisolide, Triamcinolone
First line regular therapy (mild to mod Asthma)

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14
Q

oral corticosteroids

A

Prednisone, Methylprednisolone
 Betamethasone and Triamcinolone
 Severe asthma ( status asthmaticus)

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15
Q

mast cell stabilisers

A

cromolyn sodium and Nedocromil sodium

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16
Q

inhibitors of leukotrine synthesis

A

Inhibit 5-lipoxygenase

Zileuton (discontinued) – liver toxicity

17
Q

inhibitors of leukotriene receptors

A

Inhibit binding of leukotriene to receptor

Montelukast, zafirlukast

18
Q

bronchoconstriction

A

acetylcholine + adenosine both act directly on smooth muscle = cause bronchoconstriction

19
Q

bronchodilation - cAMP increases bronchodilation

A
  • Theophylline acts to inhibit PDE which breaks down cAMP

- beta agonists act on AC to increase levels of cAMP

BS Respiratory system (3 decks)

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