Respiratory Infections

Question 1

What is bronchitis?

Answer 1

Bronchitis: Infection of the bronchi

Question 2

What is bronchiolitis?

Answer 2

Bronchiolitis: Infection of the bronchioles

Question 3

What is Pneumonia?

Answer 3

Pneumonia: Infection of the alveoli

Question 4

How can pneumonia be acquired?

Answer 4

Community
Hospital
Ventiltor

Question 5

Why, physiologically, does pneumonia present a more challenging disease than bronchitis and bronchiolitis?

Answer 5

Aveoli earer blood supply- directly disrupts gas exchange via cellular infiltration or fluid leakage into the airspace over substantial area of the respiratory tract
Prevent uptake of O2 and removal of CO2

Question 6

What is the first immune cell recruited to the site during acute bacterial pneumonia?

Answer 6

Neutrophil

Rapid release of neutrophil chemokine such as IL-8

Question 7

How might immune response change during prolonged pneumonia?

Answer 7

Prolonged inflammation will result in accumulation of lymphocytes (T cells) and macrophages in neutrophils