Respiratory Formative Assessment Flashcards
What can all chemoreceptors detect changes in?
They all detect PaCO2 levels
What/where is important in the control of breathing (key areas - 2)?
Centres in both the pons and medulla oblongata are important
What is the main motor function of the larynx supplied by?
The recurrent laryngeal nerve
Where is an emergency chest drain (usually) positioned?
NO IDEA - SOMETHING TO DO WITH THE SECOND RIB
What is physiological dead space is defined as?
The volume of air in the trachea that does not contribute to gas exchange + the volume of air in the alveoli that does not contribute to gas exchange
What does hypoxia in the lungs cause?
Vasoconstriction
What does PaCO2 depend on?
A constant, the production of CO2 and alveolar ventilation
What is the oxygen/haemoglobin dissociation curve influenced by? (4)
by changing affinity for sequential oxygen molecule binding
2,3 DPG (diphosphoglycerate)
temperature
[H+]
What happens in respiratory acidosis? (3)
increased PaCO2,
decreased pH,
mild increased HCO3-
What happens in respiratory alkalosis? (3)
decreased PaCO2,
increased pH,
mild decreased HCO3-
What controls HCO3- levels?
Renal compensatory mechanism
Define FEV1
The volume of air expelled after one second of forced expiration
What is it called when a patients FEV1 is considerably below predicted value?
airways obstruction
What is it called when a patients FVC is considerably below predicted value?
airways constriction
What does the carbon monoxide (CO) single breath transfer factor measure?
It is a good measure of gas exchange into the alveolar capillary
