Respiratory Failure Flashcards

1
Q

T1RF

diagnosis
causes

A

PO2 U8kPa
CO2 normal/low
HYPOXIA - IMPAIRED GAS EXCHANGE

Detected by SaO2

VQ mismatch, low PiO2, alveolar hypoventilation
Pulmonary edema, fibrosis
Pneumonia
Atlectasis, pneumothorax
Asthma, COPD

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2
Q

T2RF

diagnosis
causes

A

PO2 U8kPa
PCO2 6kPa+
HYPOXIA + HYPERCAPNIA - PUMP FAILURE

Detected by ABG

Low neural drive
-polio, MND, SC injury, GBS, MG, encephalitis
-opiates
Low muscle capacity
-DMD, BMD
Increased resp load
-kyphoscoliosis, obesity, COPD

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3
Q

Presentation

acute
chronic

A

SOB
Cyanosed, sleepy
Confused

SOB
Sleep disordered breathing
End organ injury

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4
Q

Management of T1RF

A

O2 if hypoxic

15L NRM - 94-98%
Venturi mask - 88-92% CO2 retainer
If no improvement => CPAP (NIV)

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5
Q

Management of T2RF

A

If low ventilation rate and starting to tire => BIPAP (NIV) get rid of excess CO2

  • no sedation
  • not invasive

Invasive - needs sedation (tracheal intubation)

  • LOC, resp/cardiac instability
  • cannot protect airway, confused
  • BUT NOT APPROPRIATE FOR ALL
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