Respiratory Emergencies Chapter 16

Question 1

What is Asthma?

Answer 1

A short spasm of the smaller air passages (bronchioles), associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages.

Question 2

What is Anaphylaxis?

Answer 2

An extreme, life-threatining, systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.

Question 3

what is bronchiolitis?

Answer 3

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Question 4

What is bronchitis?

Answer 4

An acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage lung tissue.

Question 5

What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Answer 5

A disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in backup of fluid into the lungs.

Question 6

What is the common cold?

Answer 6

A common viral infection of the nose and throat.

Question 7

What is covid-19?

Answer 7

A respiratory disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2.

Question 8

What is croup?

Answer 8

A viral inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barkking cough; usually seen in children.

Question 9

What is diphtheria?

Answer 9

An infectious disease in which a pseudomembrane forms, lining the pharynx; this lining can severely obstruct the passage of air into the larynx.

Question 10

What is emphysema?

Answer 10

A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulomonary alveoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; it is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Question 11

What is epiglottitis?

Answer 11

A bacterial infection in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed, enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.

Question 12

What is Influenza type A (flu)?

Answer 12

Virus that has crossed the animal/human barrier and has infected humans.

Question 13

What is pertussis (whooping cough)?

Answer 13

An airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than 6 years.

Question 14

What is pneumonia?

Answer 14

An infectious disease of the lung that damages lung tissue.

Question 15

What is pneumothorax?

Answer 15

An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

Question 16

What is a pulmonary embolus?

Answer 16

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

Question 17

What is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

Answer 17

A virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages; can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the heart or lungs. RSV is highly contagious and spread through droplets.

Question 18

What is tuberculosis (TB)?

Answer 18

A contagious disease that attacks the lungs and that can remain dormant in a person’s lungs for decades, then reactivate; many strains are resistant to antibiotics. Tb is spread through cough.