Respiratory emergencies Flashcards
Physical Signs of respiratory distress
Anxiety acessary muscles cyanosis flail chest trachea deviation
What would you think if only one leg or arm had cyanosis
Suspect and arterial blockage, also if there is hair loss on lower extreamity
What would venous blockage look like on leg?
edema
how does flail chest: chest wall moving asynchronus fasion
2-3 broken ribs broken in 2 places
what would you not want to give to someone with difficulty breathing/flai chest
don’t give morphine because it can supress respiratory distress
what stimulates respiratroy drives
Rising CO2 levels
what would cause sever shrotness of breath
arrhythmias pericardial tamponade Pulm Embolism asthma anaphylaxis poisoning
what is beck triad
Sign of pericardial embolism:
- Low BP
- Muffled heart sounds
- JVD
signs of epiglottitis
-drooling
-Leaning forward won’t swallow,
Distress
- Dysphagia hot potato voice
signs of peritonsilar abscess
- high temp
- redness into palate
- assymetrical dysplaced uvula
- signifigant pain with swallowing
Treatment for peritonsil abscess
Low does prednisome 30 mg with and antibiotic
what may save trip to ER if someon has asthma
- stiff coffee
what should you suspect first if infant suddenly stops breathing
Foregin body
cardiovascular cause of SOB
- septal defects
- myocarditis
- pericarditis
- shock
- cardiac tamponade
who often gets pericarditis
Often 1-2 months after and MI
dresslers syndrome
many months after MI,
autoimmune chest pain unrelated to exchemia
HEENT cause of SOB
Angioedema
Hematologic cause of SOB
Sever anemia from trauma or bloodloss
sickel cell
neurological cause of SOB
Head trauma subarachnoid hemorrage C4 or higher neck gulin garee botulinsm
what dugs can cause SOB
Drug overdose of Benzos
alcohol
salicylate poisoning
diabetic ketoacidosis
sx of salicylate poisoning
Hyper ventilation
tinnitis
What do you always start with with breathing problems
ask how the yfeel
what would to think if there were absent or diminished breath sounds
decreased air movement
- COPD, Asthma
- pneumothorax
- CHF
what would you think if deminished breath sounds but dull to percussion
- CHF
- Pneumonia
- tumor
what blood test are used to differentiate between CHF and Pneumonia
Naturetic peptide
What if wheezing, high pitched general apices
asthma
inspiratory or expiratory
What if you hear crackles or interalveoar fluids
- pneumonia
- acute decompensated HF
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
what if you see JVD
- Right heart failure
cardiac tamponade - pulmonary embolism
pitting edema
Acute decompensated heart failure
what would you always ask about if someone had and upper extremity DBT
Rule out cancer
- Ask about indwelling catheter recently
Inital outpatient treatment of patient with worsening CHF
- O2, high flow
- elevate head and shoulders
- Keep calm
- 911 transport
What are the sx of a severe asthma attack?
wheezes or absent breath sounds
- pulses paradoxus,
- drop of systolic BP
you are going to want to give EPI
When do steroids or antihistamines have no place in asthma
during acute event you are going to need epi
what is the drug of choice for acute anaphylaxis or asthma
epinephrine
what causes anaphylaxis
IgE mediated respones***
degranulation of mast cess
what is the difference between anaphylactoic response and anaphalxis
Anaphylactoid: Not IgE mediated degranulation of mast cells
Anaphylaxis: IgE mediated degranulation of mast cells
what do people with anaphylactoid often have?
- aprin allergy
- food dye allergy
- asthma
- iodine respone
who should you not give aspirin to?
those with Sanfords triad
- Asthma
- Hay fever
- Nasal polyps
What can be given for panic attacks
Herbs
Beta blockers
Which mask gives the greater amount of oxygen
Non Rebreather mask.
what mask allows you to measure delivered oxygen
venturi mask. It leads to most accurate measurment
How many Liters/minutes in nasal canula
4-6 l/minute.
5 liters/minute is a bit uncomfortable.
