Respiratory Dysfunction Flashcards
what helps CF patients to increase sputum expectoration
aerobic exercise and chest physiotherapy
5 main causes of COPD
- Emphysema
- Cystic fibrosis
- Asthma
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis and bronchodilators
Bronchitis does not respond to bronchodilators
Hypertrophy of bronchial muscles, mucosal edema, infiltration with eosinophils
asthma
Minute ventilation and COPD
increased minute ventilation
what is the only proven therapy that improves mortality in hypoxemic patients
oxygen
Effect of RV in restrictive lung disaese
RV decreases in all restrictive lung disease except for cervical SCI
how much of a thoracic deformity in scoliosis is needed before patient has SOB
> 90 degrees. If > 120 degrees, patient may have hypoventilation and cor pulmonale
what changes in FEV1 and TLC are seen in emphysema
decrease FEV1 and increased TLC
Chronic mucus hypersecretion and respiratory infections as a result of tracheobronchial mucous gland enlargement
chronic bronchitis
Dx of chronic bronchitis in terms of sputum production and length of time
production of > 100mL of sputum/day for > 3mths, for at least 2 consecutive years
what kind of genetic disease is cystic fibrosis
autosomal recessive
What changes are seen in TV and VO2max in asthma
increased TV and decreased VO2max
What lung parameters increases in obstructive lung disease
RV, FRC, TLC
what is defective in cystic fibrosis
chloride ion channels, resulting in failure to remove secretions from the bronchioles
what is the ideal FEV1
4L
Obstructive vs restrictive FRC, TLC, RV, FEV1/FVC
Obstructive: FRC: increased TLC: increased RV: increased FEV1/FVC: decreased Restrictive: FRC: decreased TLC: decreased RV: decreased FEV1/FVC: increased or normal
effect of C-spine injury on RV
RV increases in C-spine injury
Distention of air spaces with destruction of alveolar walls
emphysema
an FEV1 of what results in impairement
<3L/s
which cause of COPD can lead to pulmonary artery hypertension
Emphysema
Most common form of motor neuron disease that causes respiratory failure
ALS
