Respiratory Dysfunction

Question 1

what helps CF patients to increase sputum expectoration

Answer 1

aerobic exercise and chest physiotherapy

Question 2

5 main causes of COPD

Answer 2

1. Emphysema
2. Cystic fibrosis
3. Asthma
4. Chronic Bronchitis
5. Bronchiectasis

Question 3

Bronchitis and bronchodilators

Answer 3

Bronchitis does not respond to bronchodilators

Question 4

Hypertrophy of bronchial muscles, mucosal edema, infiltration with eosinophils

Answer 4

asthma

Question 5

Minute ventilation and COPD

Answer 5

increased minute ventilation

Question 6

what is the only proven therapy that improves mortality in hypoxemic patients

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

Effect of RV in restrictive lung disaese

Answer 7

RV decreases in all restrictive lung disease except for cervical SCI

Question 8

how much of a thoracic deformity in scoliosis is needed before patient has SOB

Answer 8

> 90 degrees. If > 120 degrees, patient may have hypoventilation and cor pulmonale

Question 9

what changes in FEV1 and TLC are seen in emphysema

Answer 9

decrease FEV1 and increased TLC

Question 10

Chronic mucus hypersecretion and respiratory infections as a result of tracheobronchial mucous gland enlargement

Answer 10

chronic bronchitis

Question 11

Dx of chronic bronchitis in terms of sputum production and length of time

Answer 11

production of > 100mL of sputum/day for > 3mths, for at least 2 consecutive years

Question 12

what kind of genetic disease is cystic fibrosis

Answer 12

autosomal recessive

Question 13

What changes are seen in TV and VO2max in asthma

Answer 13

increased TV and decreased VO2max

Question 14

What lung parameters increases in obstructive lung disease

Answer 14

RV, FRC, TLC

Question 15

what is defective in cystic fibrosis

Answer 15

chloride ion channels, resulting in failure to remove secretions from the bronchioles

Question 16

what is the ideal FEV1

Answer 16

4L

Question 17

Obstructive vs restrictive FRC, TLC, RV, FEV1/FVC

Answer 17

Obstructive:
FRC: increased
TLC: increased
RV: increased
FEV1/FVC: decreased
Restrictive:
FRC: decreased
TLC: decreased
RV: decreased
FEV1/FVC: increased or normal

Question 18

effect of C-spine injury on RV

Answer 18

RV increases in C-spine injury

Question 19

Distention of air spaces with destruction of alveolar walls

Answer 19

emphysema

Question 20

an FEV1 of what results in impairement

Answer 20

<3L/s

Question 21

which cause of COPD can lead to pulmonary artery hypertension

Answer 21

Emphysema

Question 22

Most common form of motor neuron disease that causes respiratory failure

Answer 22

ALS