Respiratory Drugs Chapter 37 Flashcards
Why is it important to emphasize not overusing Beta Agonists?
there is an increased risk of rebound bronchospasm
What is the interaction between Xanthines and smoking?
interaction leads to decreased blood concentrations of aminophylline and theophylline.
What is the interaction between Xanthines and charcoal-broiled foods?
decreased serum levels of xanthine drugs
What are the adverse effects of Xanthines that must be reported immediately?
epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, tremors and headache
Xanthines can increase CNS stimulation, what foods must be avoided to exacerbate CNS stimulation?
foods that contain caffeine
Why must you encourage forcing fluids in patients taking Anticholinergics?
to decrease the viscosity of secretion and increase the expectoration of sputum
When should patients be taught to take montelukast?
At night
What is the purpose of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists?
Prevention of leukotriene formation and thus preventing/decreasing inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production
Corticoid inhalers must be primed when?
Before the first time using it and if it hasn’t been used in more than 10 days
Should you wash a corticosteroid inhaler or get it wet?
No! use a clean, dry cloth or tissue.
What can excess levels of systemic corticosteroids lead to?
Cushing’s syndrome, moon face, acne, increase in fat pads and swelling
What could happen if you abruptly stopped taking a systemic corticosteroid?
Possibly Addisonian crisis which is nausea, shortness of breath, joint pain, weakness and fatigue
How much of a weight gain should you report when taking corticosteroids?
2 pounds or more in 24 hours of 5 pounds or more in 1 week
What changes should you report immediately when taking a Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor?
Changes in mood or emotions
What is Omalizumab used for?
It is a monoclonal antibody antiasthmatic drug that reats moderate to severe asthma and NOT for aborting acute asthma attacks
Xanthines, such as theophylline, how do they work and what are they for?
They work by helping relax the smooth muscle of the bronchioles, by inhibiting phosphodiesterase. Phosphodiesterase breaks down cAMP which is needed to relax smooth muscles
What are some examples of corticosteroids?
beclomethasone, dexamethasone, flunisolide, triamcinolone
How do corticosteroids work and what are they for?
they stabilize the membranes of cells that release harmful bronchoconstriction substances
What are some examples of LTRAs?
Zileuton and Zafirlukast
What are some of the adverse effects of LTRAs?
headache, dizziness, insomnia, and dyspepsia
What type of drug is Omalizumab?
monoclonal antibody antiasthmatic drug
What is Omalizumab used for?
the preventative purpose for preventing the release of mediators that lead to allergic responses.
