Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
what is the MOA of albuterol
B agonist primarily B2, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation, also relaxes uterine smooth muscle, decreases airway resistance
when is the administration of albuterol indicated
treatment of bronchospasm
treatment of hyperkalemia
when is albuterol contraindicated
synergistic with other sympathomimetics
caution in pts with diabetes, hyperthryroidism, cerebrovascular disease
what adverse reactions are associated with albuterol
dysrhythmias tachycardia peripheral vasodilation bronchospasm tremors, nervousness nausea vomiting hyperglycemia
what drug types is albuterol incompatible with
TCAs MAO inhibitors Sympathomimetics
what is the expected onset of action of albuterol
5-15 minutes
when do the peak effects of albuterol occur
30 mins- 2 hours
what is the duration of action of albuterol
3-4 hours
what is the MOA of Dexa
improves lung function and myocardial performance: stabilization of lysosomal and cell membranes, inhibition of compliment induced granulocyte aggregation, rihtward shift in oxygen hemoglovin dissociation curve, inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene production, increase in surfactant production, decrease in pulmonary edema, relaxation of bronchospasm
when is administration of dexa indicated
acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma
anaphylaxis
cerebral edema
when is dexa contraindicated
systemic fungal infections
hypersensitivity to any component, including sulfites
preterm infants
what adverse reactions are associated with dexa
na retention, fluid retention, potassium loss, hypokalemic alkalosis, hypertension, convulsions, hyperglycemia, myocardial rupture following recent MI
what drugs is dexa incompatible with
benadryl and versed in IV tubing
what are the adult and peds doses of dexa for reactive airway disease
adult: 8-24mg
peds: 0.25-0.5 mg/kg
what are the adult and peds doses of dexa for cerebral edema
adult: 1-5 mg/kg
peds: 0.5-1.5 mg/kg
what are the routes of administration for dexa
iv, io, im
what is the onset of action for dexa
4-8 hours
when are the peak effects of dexa expected
6-12 hours
what is the duration of action of dexa
24-72 hours
what is the drug classification of atrovent
anticholinergic, bronchodilator
atrovent appears to inhibit _________ mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of ach
vagally
when is administration of atrovent indicated
treatment of bronchospasm associated with copd
when is atrovent contraindicated
hypersensitivity to atrovent or atropine
precaution should be used in pts with narrow angle glaucoma
what adverse reactions are associated with atrovent
coughing, sputum increased
dizziness, insomnia, tremor, nervousness
nausea
what is the adult and peds dose of atrovent
500mcg in 2.5 ml NS
same for pediatric pts, but dose cannot be repeated
what is the expected onset of action of atrovent
5-15 minutes
when are the peak effects of atrovent expected
1-2 hours
what is the duration of action of atrovent
4-8 hours
atrovent produces dilation of ________ while albuterol produces dilation of _______
larger central airways
peripheral airways
how is magnesium sulfate administered when used to treat severe asthma
2 grams in 50ml bag of NS or D5W, use microdrip tubing, administer over 5-10 minutes
when should an infusion of magnesium sulfate be stopped when it is used to treat severe asthma
when hypotension, bradycardia, or respiratory depression develop
what is the MOA of solumedrol
thought to stabilize cellular and intracellular membranes
when is the administration of solumedrol indicated
acute exacerbation of copd
burns potentially involving the airway
when is the administration of solumedrol contraindicated
pre term infants
what is the adult dose of solumedrol
125 mg slow iv bolus
what is the pediatric dose of solumedrol
2-4 mg/kg slow iv bolus
what is the expected onset of action of solumedrol
1-6 hours
when are the peak effects of solumedrol expected
8 hours
what is the duration of action of solumedrol.
18-36 hours
