Respiratory Distress In Term Infants: TTN Flashcards
Is transient tachypnoea of the newborn the most common cause of respiratory distress in term infants?
Yes
What causes TTN?
Delay in the resorption of lung liquid
TTN is more common after what type of delivery?
Birth by Caesarean section
What may the CXR show?
Fluid in the horizontal fissure (interstitial oedema)
Small pleural effusions
Lung hyperinflation, diaphragm flattening
The condition usually settles within…
The first day of life, but can take several days to resolve completely
It is a diagnosis made after what?
Consideration and exclusion of other causes such as infection
Describe the breathing in TTN
Fast and laboured
How is it managed?
Some may require additional oxygen
Does TTN have any lasting implications?
No usually it does not affect growth or development
What causes TTN?
Before birth the foetus does not use lungs to breath - during this time the lungs are filled with fluid
As due date nears, lungs begin to absorb the fluid and some squeezed out during birth
After birth as baby breathes for first time, lungs fill with air and more fluid pushed out
Remaining fluid is coughed out/absorbed through bloodstream and lymphatics
In TTN, the babies have extra fluid or fluid leaves too slowly - must breath faster and harder to get enough oxygen
TTN is more common in…
Babies born rapidly by vaginal delivery
C section without labour
Babies whose mothers have asthma or diabetes
What symptoms are associated?
Tachypnoea Grunting when baby exhales Flaring nostrils Subcostal, intercostal, sternal recessions Cyanosis if severe
Why can good nutrition be a problem?
The baby is breathing very fast, so they cannot suck, swallow and breath at the same time.
IV fluids may be helpful +/- NG tube
