Respiratory disorders

Question 1

Emphysema

Answer 1

Alveolar wall lose their elasticity
Lung gets distended permanently
Walls between adjacent alveoli are destroyed
Alveolar ducts dilate
Results in Hypoxia, Pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure

Question 2

Emphysema causes

Answer 2

Cigarette smoking
α-1-antitrypsin-congenital disorder
Persistent coughing
Inflammation of bronchi

Question 3

Asthma

Answer 3

A chronic inflammatory disorder that causes narrowing of respiratory airway
Inflammation of the walls of bronchi and bronchioles
In acute cases, seromucous glands secrete excess mucus
Spasm of smooth muscles in walls of bronchi and bronchioles
Trouble during expiration
Fibrosis
Oedema
Necrosis of bronchial epithelial cells
Wheezing

Question 4

Asthma causes

Answer 4

Cold air
Allergen exposure -pollen, dust, sloughed off animal skin
Emotional upset
Cigarette smoking