Respiratory Disease

Question 1

it depends on … if an animal will get ill

Answer 1

• Amount and type of microorganisms
• Air quality
• The animals defense system (air quality, colostrum, vaccination, nutrition)

Question 2

improved air quality with optimized humidity influences:

Answer 2

• environment (amount of pathogens, bedding humidity)
• animal (breathing in pathogens, defense systems, spreading of pathogens)
• pathogen (amount in environment)

Question 3

what is the major death reason to calves older than 1 month

Answer 3

bovine respiratory disease

Question 4

how high is the fatality rate in bovine respiratory disease

Answer 4

20%

Question 5

what are the causes of bovine respiratory disease

Answer 5

viral and bacterial

Question 6

what are the risks for bovine respiratory disease

Answer 6

• climate
• nutrition (colostrum uptake/quality)
• stress
• housing (age groups, contacts between cows)
• other diseases

Question 7

prevention of bovine respiratory disease

Answer 7

o Climate control
o Colostrum management: uptake/quality
o Stress reduction in transport/dehorning/weaning
o Housing dry and clean in small age groups/few changes
o Prevent concurrent disease like diarrhea or BVD
o Vaccination

Question 8

vaccination respiratory problems calf

Answer 8

• Combined vaccine
• Modified live virus
• Administered intranasal=local
• From 9 days of life
• Protection starts after 5 days and lasts 3 months

Question 9

lungworm vaccination

Answer 9

• Modified live vaccine: infectious larvae
• Administered by mouth
• 6 and 2 weeks before going out into pasture
• Challenge by field infection needed for proper immunity

Question 10

IBR: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Answer 10

herpesvirus, airway disease

Question 11

IBR: infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccination

Answer 11

• Choice for vaccination based on goals farmer and…
  o Infection level farm
  o Farm (disease) management
  o Infection threat/risk area
  o Rules and regulations