Respiratory & Circulatory System Flashcards
Organ system that functions mainly for the transport of nutrients to the cells, tissues and organs
Circulatory system
Circulating fluid tissue inside the body
Blood
Main component of blood
Plasma 55%
Erythrocytes 45%
Thrombocytes
Platelets
Ingesting pathogens and producing antibodies
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
Important in blood clotting process
Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Enzyme released by injured or dying cells and destroyed by blood platelets
Thromboplastin
Conducting tubes that carry blood from the heart to different parts of the body & vv
Blood Vessels
3 Kinds of Blood Vessels
Artery
Veins
Capillaries
Highly muscular organ that acts as a pump
Heart
Where heart & lungs are found
Thoracic Cavity
Specific location of the heart
Pericardial Cavity
Divides 2 sections of the heart
Muscular Spetum
Transport blood away from the heard and towards the tissues
Artery
Carry blood away from the tissues and towards the heart
Veins
Gas exchange takes place
Connects the arterioles and venuoles
Capillaries
4 Major Components of the system
Plasma
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
Carries deoxygenated blood into the lungs and back to the heart
Pulmonary Circulation
From the heart to the capillaries of the different parts of the body and back to the heart
Systemic Circulation
Receives or collects blood
Atria
Pump blood out
Ventricles
Prevents back flow of blood
Valves
Valve between Right Atrium & Right Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
Valve between Right Ventricle & Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Valve
Valve between Left Atrium & Left Ventricle
Mitral Valve
Valve between Left Ventricle & Aorta
Aortic Valve
Supply ixygenated blood to the heart itself
Coronary Arteries
Supply deoxygenated blood from the heart
Coronary veins
Largest artery that supplies oxygenated blood to all parts of the body
Aorta
Carry deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
Pulmonary Arteries
Receive oxygenated blood from lungs and drain into the left atrium
Pulmonary Veins
Fibromuscular wall made up of collagen, fibers and muscles
Septum
Thinner wall separating right & left atria
Interatrial Septum
Thicker wall between right & left ventricles
Interventricular Septum
Collects deoxygenated blood from all the organs and tissues at the upper part of the body
Superior Vena Cava
Carries deoxygenated blood from all the organs and tissues at the lower part of the body
Inferior Vena Cava
Outer Muscular Wall of the heart
Epicardium
Innermost muscular wall
Endocardium
Middle muscular wall
Myocardium
Series of circulation
Veins - Vena Cava - Right Atrium - Tricuspid Valve - Right Ventricle - Pulmonary Valve - Pulmonary Arteries - Lungs - Pulmonary Veins - Left Atrium - Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle-
Aortic Valve - Aorta - Artery
Right side of the heart
Deoxygenated
Left side of the heart
Oxygenated
Agranulocytes
1) Lymphocyte
2) Monocyte
Granulocytes
1) Neutrophil
2) Basophil
3) Eosinophil
Blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from heart to body become THICK AND STIFF
Arteriosclerosis
Heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries;
Leads to heart attack
Ischemic Heart Disease
Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow of the heart
Angina Pectoris
Heart beating problem
Arrhythmia
When pancreas produces very little or no insulin
Diabetes
Excessive production of wbc
Leukaemia
Inability to exhale normally
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
COPD
Inflammation of the mucus membrane of the lungs in the bronchial passage
Bronchitis
COPD caused by smoking
Emphysema
Lumps near alveoli
Lung Cancer
Infection in the alveoli
Pneumonia
Outer layer protective cushion of the lungs
Parietal Pleura
Inner layer cushion of the lungs
Visceral Pleura
Space between visceral and parietal pleurae
Pleural Cavity
Movement of air in & out of the respiratory tract
Breathing
Air into the lungs
Inspiration
Air out of the lungs
Expiration
Dome-shaped muscle below Thoracic Cavity
Diaphragm
Located between the ribs
Intercostal Muscles
Oxygen from alveoli to the lungs
External Respiration
Oxygen from the blood to the cell
Internal Respiration
Sinus under the eyes
Sinus above the eyes
Sinus between eyes
Sinus behind the eyes
Maxillary
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Divides nasal cavity into right and left portions
Nasal Septum
System responsible for breathing
Respiratory system
Extend from walls of nasal cavity
Nasal conchae
Air-filled spaces with the skull bones
Paranasal Sinuses
Tiny hairs in the nose
Cilia
Part of the throat that contains vocal folds
Larynx(Voice box)
Opening between vocal cords
Glottis
Prevents food from going in the lungs
Epiglottis
Tube that connects nasal cavity to the larynx
Pharynx(Throat)
Connects pharynx&larynx to the lung opening
20 HARD cartilages
extends 4 INCHES long
Diameter of ALMOST HALF an inch
Trachea(Windpipe)
Branching tubes to the lungs which expels air into it
Bronchial Tree
1st branch of bronchial tree
Bronchi
Secondary branches of Bronchi
Bronchioles
Tiny air sacs within the lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs&bloodstream
Alveoli
Pair of large spongy organs where exchange of gases occurs
Lungs
Right lung has 3 lobes
True
Left lung has 1 lobe
False
Shape that erythrocytes have
Biconcave shape
Complex protein that gives blood its red color
Hemoglobin
Measurement for RBC
- 5 - top
2. 5 - side
RBC lasts for 120 days
True
