Respiratory cases Flashcards
21 year old male involved in a motorcycle accident and fractured femoral shaft. Treated with ORIF. 5 days later he suddenly deteriorates and presents cyanosed, hyperventilating, febrile and confused.
a) What is the likely diagnosis?
b) What are other more common post-op complications?
a) Fat embolism (specific complication of long bone fractures)
b) Infection, pain, VTE, nerve damage
42 year old Afro-Caribbean man presents with SOB, dry cough and joint pains. He has multiple tender, warm, erythematous nodules on both shins.
a) What is the likely diagnosis?
b) What are the lesions on the leg?
c) What findings on investigation would support the diagnosis?
d) How would you manage this disease?
a) Sarcoidosis
b) Erythema nodosum
c) - Bloods - anaemia, raised ESR, elevated ACE
- CXR - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
d) - Steroids, then DMARDs, then biologics
- Monitor lung function and ACE/inflammatory markers
35 year old with fever, cough and SOB.
- O/E: target lesion rash
- Bloods: show haemolytic anaemia, and AKI
a) Differential
b) What is the rash? (other causes of this)
c) Management
a) Mycoplasma pneumonia
b) Erythema multiforme
- other causes: HSV
