Respiratory Cases

Question 1

List three obstructive lung diseases

Answer 1

• Emphysema
• Chronic bronchitis
• Asthma

Question 2

pulmonary embolism

Answer 2

pulmonry htn

Question 3

Describe Asthma

Answer 3

A condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea with wheezing due to spasmodic constriction of the bronchi, often as a response to allergens or mucous plugs in the arterial walls

Question 4

What causes Asthma

Answer 4

Exact cause unknown, however genetic and environmental factors play a large role

• Patient’s parent smoked during pregnancy
• Obesity, with decreased response to medications
• Smoking, secondhand smoking
• Genetics
• Hormonal factors (6.1% of males, 9.8% of females)
• Environmental
  
  • Mold
  • Dust
  • Animal hair/dander
  • Fumes from household cleaners and
  • Pullen
  • Air pollution

Question 5

List symptoms of Asthma

Answer 5

• Tightness in the chest
• Wheezing
• Breathlessness
• Coughing
• Increased mucus production

Question 6

List pertinent physical findings of Asthma attacks

Answer 6

INTEG: N/A
NEURO:
PUPILS: Normal
AUSC: Bilateral wheezing/rhonchi
MSK: Accessory muscle use, intercostal muscle retraction, increased chest diameter (air trapping)
GI/GU:
OTHER:

Question 7

List vital signs consistent with Asthma attacks

Answer 7

HR: Tachycardia
RR: Tachypnea
02: Hypoxic
ETC02: ?
BP: Pulsus paradoxes may occur
TEMP: Normal
GCS: Agitated/anxious (early), decreased LOC (late)

Question 8

Describe Pleurisy

Answer 8

Pleurisy is inflammation of the membrane that covers the lungs. It can result in sharp chest pain when breathing deeply.

Question 9

What causes Pleurisy

Answer 9

Pleurisy often results from an infection. Sometimes, it stems from other medical conditions or trauma to the chest. Some examples are:

• Bacterial infections, such as pneumonia or TB
• Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other - autoimmune conditions
• Chest injury
• Pulmonary embolism
• Pleural tumor
• Lung cancer

Question 10

List symptoms of Pleurisy

Answer 10

• Sharp, stabbing pain
• Others may report dull/aching/burning
• Pain gets worse when:
  
  • Deep respirations
  • Coughing
  • Sneezing

Question 11

Describe Pneumonia

Answer 11

Pneumonia is an inflammation of one or both lungs, typically due to a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. With pneumonia, the tiny air sacs inside the lungs fill with fluid or pus.

Question 12

What causes Pneumonia

Answer 12

Pneumonia is typically due to infectious pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses. These pathogens can spread via coughing and sneezing or by contaminating surfaces that people touch.

Question 13

List symptoms of Pneumonia

Answer 13

Early symptoms resemble the cold or flu.

Common symptoms include:

• Productive cough with green, yellow, or even bloody phlegm
• Fast breathing and shortness of breath
• Chest pain that usually worsens when taking a deep breath
• Fast heartbeat
• Fever, sweating, and chills
• Fatigue
• Confusion or delirium, especially in older - Adults
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting

Question 14

List five types of Pneumonia

Answer 14

• Bacterial pneumonia
• Viral pneumonia
• Fungal pneumonia:
• Aspiration pneumonia
• Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Question 15

List pertinent physical findings of

Answer 15

INTEG: N/A
NEURO: N/A
PUPILS: N/A
AUSC: N/A
MSK: N/A
GI/GU: N/A
OTHER: N/A

Question 16

List vital signs consistent with

Answer 16

HR: 
RR: 
02: 
ETC02:
BP: 
TEMP: 
GCS:

Question 17

List pertinent physical findings of

Answer 17

INTEG: N/A
NEURO: N/A
PUPILS: N/A
AUSC: N/A
MSK: N/A
GI/GU: N/A
OTHER: N/A

Question 18

List vital signs consistent with

Answer 18

HR: 
RR: 
02: 
ETC02:
BP: 
TEMP: 
GCS:

Question 19

List pertinent physical findings of

Answer 19

INTEG: N/A
NEURO: N/A
PUPILS: N/A
AUSC: N/A
MSK: N/A
GI/GU: N/A
OTHER: N/A

Question 20

List vital signs consistent with

Answer 20

HR: 
RR: 
02: 
ETC02:
BP: 
TEMP: 
GCS:

Question 21

List pertinent physical findings of

Answer 21

INTEG: N/A
NEURO: N/A
PUPILS: N/A
AUSC: N/A
MSK: N/A
GI/GU: N/A
OTHER: N/A

Question 22

List vital signs consistent with

Answer 22

HR: 
RR: 
02: 
ETC02:
BP: 
TEMP: 
GCS: