Respiratory Assessment #2 Flashcards
Nasotracheobronchial tree (gas transport)
Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Mainstem Bronchi Lobular Bronchi Segmental Bronchi Sub-Segmental Bronchi Lobular Bronchioles Respiratory Bronchioles
Alveoli (gas exchange)
Small bulbous structures at terminal aspect of respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar walls approximate each other
What do Lambert Canals allow for?
Collateral ventilation.
What are the pleurae?
Membranous, serous sacs.
How close are the visceral and parietal pleura?
Very close. A thin serous film separates the membranes.
What is parenchyma?
porous, spongy lung tissue.
What are the three components to naming the lungs?
Side, Lobe, Location/View
What are the lobes of the lung?
Left upper Right upper Left lingua Right middle Left lower Right lower
What are the location/views of the lung fields?
Anterior, Posterior, Lateral, Superior, Inferior segments
What approach should be used during auscultation?
Systematic approach.
Make sure to alternate between left and right.
Complete full ant/pos analysis before switching to other surface.
What position are the lateral segments most easily accessed in?
Sitting
When instructing a patient prior to auscultation, what should you do?
Instruct them to breathe normally.
Slightly larger volume.
Breathe through the mouth.
Stethoscope placement for the tracheal and normal sound?
Over trachea
Harsh and loud
Stethoscope placement for bronchial?
Normal sound?
1st intercostal space immediately lateral to manubrium.
Less harsh, loud
Hollow, high pitch
Expiration longer than inspiration.
Bronchiovesicular stethoscope placement?
Normal Sound?
2nd/3rd Intercostal space lateral to sternum.
or
Post. chest between middle 3rd of scapulae in region of T3-T6.
Softer than bronchial
Tubular
Expiration temporally equal to inspiration
Vesicular stethoscope placement?
Normal Sound?
Over lung tissue
Soft
Muffled, low pitch
Inspiratory longer than expiration.
Cause of absent breath sounds..
What do they sound like?
Complete airway obstruction.
Complete alveolar collapse.
Absent underlying lung.
They dont sound like anything you dumbass.
What do diminished breath sounds (sound) like?
softer than typically expected in area.
Typically referenced as an inspiratory findings.
What can cause a diminished breath sound?
Poor inspiratory effor.
Partial airway obstruction.
Incomplete alveolar aeration with inspiration.
Decreased chest wall mobility.
Is it abnormal to hear a normal breath sound in an atypical location?
Yes
What are Cackles/Rales?
Intermittent popping, may be coarse or fine.
Can be an inspiratory or expiratory finding.
What can cause cackles or rales?
Atelectasis
Fluid or secretions in alveoli.
What are wheezes/rhonchi?
Continous, may be of high or low pitch.
Typically referred to as an inspiratory or expiratory findings.
What can cause wheezes/rhonchi?
Fluid or secretions in airway.
Bronchospasm or otherwise narrowed airway.
