Respiratory

Question 1

What is the function of thoracic wall

Answer 1

1) protection
2) resisting negative pressure generated from elastic recoil
3) provides attachment for and supporting the weight for upper limbs
4) provides attachment of muscles of the upper limb, neck, abdomen back and respiratory

Question 2

How does the thoracic cage differ from the thoracic wall

Answer 2

Thoracic cage is the bony portion on the thoracic wall

Question 3

What vertebral level does the sternal angle occur at

Answer 3

T4-T5 Iv disc

Question 4

List everything included in the thoracic cage

Answer 4

12 vertebrae
12 ribs (cartilages)
3 parts on the sternum

Question 5

What vertebral level is the superior aperture attached to

Answer 5

T1

Question 6

What travels through the superior aperture

Answer 6

Trachea, esophagus, vessels, nerves

Question 7

What structure nearly separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity creating the inferior thoracic aperture

Answer 7

Diaphragm

Question 8

What structures pass through the diagrapm, and at what vertebral level

Answer 8

Aorta (T12)
Esophagus (T10)
Inferior vena cava (T8)

Question 9

Where does the clavicle attach to on the manubrium

Answer 9

Clavicular notch

Question 10

What is the joint between the manubrium and the body called. What type is it

Answer 10

Manubriosternal joint

Secondary cartilagenous joint = symphysis

Question 11

What is the joint between body and the xiphoid called

Answer 11

Xiphisternal
Primary cartilaginous (synchrondrosis)

Question 12

What happens to the Xiphoid process when we get older

Answer 12

Ossifies

Question 13

Describe the 3 different types of ribs

Answer 13

True = 1-7 as they attach aneteriorly to the sternum 
False = 8-10 as they attach indirectly to the sternum 
Floating = 11-12 they don’t attach to the sternum

Question 14

Describe a typical rib (what numbers does this occur at)

Answer 14

ribs 3-8: Two heads separated by a crest which attach to the superior and inferior costal facets forming costoverterbrae joints

Then neck which connects the body

Tubercle which has an articular and non articular part. Articular part articulates with the transverse processes forming the transvertebral joints

Angle of curvature occurs

*synovial plane joints

Question 15

What numbers are the atypical ribs at and what makes them atypical

Answer 15

Rib 1 has harsh angle, short, and broad. It also has two shallow horizontal groove across its superior surface for the subclavian vessels (artery and vein) separated by scalene tubercle.

Rib 2 has tubercles for attachment of serratus anterior and posterior scalene muscles

Ribs 1, 10, 11, 12 only have one head

11th and 12th has no neck nor tubercles

Question 16

What is the number of intercostal spaces

Answer 16

11

Question 17

What is the function of the coastal cartilages

Answer 17

Prolongs the rib anteriorly and increases to elasticity of thoracic wall.

Question 18

Intercostal nerves are somatic nerves from T1 to T11 which supply the thoracic wall as well as the pleural and peritoneum, true or false

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is the name and type of joint found between clavicle and sternum

Answer 19

Sternoclavicular = saddle synovial

Question 20

What is the name of the joint between ribs and coastal cartilages

Answer 20

Costochondrol = primary cartilagenous joints

Question 21

What is the partial and lung border of the middle of clavicle line, auxiliary and medial line

Answer 21

Middle of clavicular = 6-8
Auxiliary = 8-10
Medial = 10-12

Question 22

On what side is the diaphragm raised due to the liver

Answer 22

Right