Respiratory Flashcards
Agonal respirations
Irregular breathing that is few and far between, represent neurological impulses in dying patient.
Ataxic respirations
Irregular breathing that indicate severe brain injury or brain stem herniation
Biot respirations
Irregular pattern of breathing, rate and depth with intermittent patterns of air. Indicate severe brain injury or brain stem herniation
Bradypanea
Unusual slow respirations
Cheyne-stokes respirations
Crescendo-decrescendo breathing with a period of apnea between each cycle. It is not considered ominous unless grossly exaggerated or in the context of a patient who has brain trauma
Kussmaul respirations
Same pattern as central neurogenic hyperventilation. Signs are mouth and lips are cracked.
Usually diabetic patients who has ketoacidosis can have it.
Tachypnea
Usually rapid breathing.
What is surfactant
A mixture of lipids and proteins that their main function is to reduce the tension in the lungs.
Upper airway
Nate’s Mouth Oropharynx Larynx Epiglottis Cricoid cartilage Cricothyroid membrane
COPD types
Emphysema
Pneumonia
Bronchitis
Spirometry
Assessment of breathing
Rate
Depth - noises with stethoscope,
Patterns,
Inspiratory to expiratory ratio,
Lower airway
Trachea Bronchi Smooth muscle Terminal airways Alveoli Surfactant
Partial rebreathing mask
35% to 60%
Flow rates of 6 to 10 L/min
Causes of hypoxia and hypoxemia
COPD Medicines Heart problems Anemia Poisoning
Normal SPO2 values
Between 95% to 100%
