Respiratory

Question 1

Rhinitis

Answer 1

Corticosteroids e.g. Beclometasone, prednisolone

Question 2

Aspiration Pneumonia

Answer 2

MAG

Metronidazole + Amoxicillin + Gentamycin IV

Question 3

Acute Asthma

Answer 3

O SHIT MAN
Oxygen 100%
Salbutamol (nebuliser)
Hydrocortisone or Prednisolone
Ipatropium
Theophylline 
Magnesium
Anaesthetist

Question 4

Lung Cancer

Answer 4

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

Question 5

Lung Cancer- small cell carcinoma

Answer 5

Chemotherapy

Supportive of poor prognosis

Question 6

Lung Cancer- non-small cell

Answer 6

Surgical excision

Radiotherapy

Question 7

TB

Answer 7

4 for 2, 2 for 4

RIPE 
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

RI
Rifampicin
Isoniazid

Question 8

Acute Sarcoidosis

Answer 8

Rest with NSAIDS

Question 9

Chronic Sarcoidosis

Answer 9

Immunosuppression (Methotrexate)

Corticosteroids (Prednisolone)

Question 10

Acute Respiratory Disease Syndrome

Answer 10

Resuscitation with oxygen

Treat underlying cause

Question 11

Neonatal distress syndrome

Answer 11

Surfactant
Oxygen

Expectant mothers are usually given steroids to prevent this situation

Question 12

Tension pneumothorax

Answer 12

Chest drain

Needle aspiration in 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line

Question 13

Traumatic pneumothorax

Answer 13

In mild cases- observe and consider chest drain

In severe cases- immediate chest drain

Question 14

Primary pneumothorax (spontaneous)

Answer 14

If small- observe
If medium- aspiration
If complete- aspiration and/or chest drain

Question 15

Secondary pneumothorax

Answer 15

Secondary to respiratory disease so always requires a chest drain

Question 16

Mild CAP

CURB65= 0-2

Answer 16

Amoxicillin

Penicillin allergic: Doxycycline

Question 17

Severe CAP

CURB65= >2

Answer 17

Co-amoxiclav + Doxycycline

Penicillin allergic: Levofloxacin

Question 18

Non- Severe HAP

Answer 18

Amoxicillin + Metronidazole

Penicillin allergic: Co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

Question 19

Severe HAP

Answer 19

Amoxicillin + Metronidazole + Gentamicin

Penicillin allergic: Co-trimoxazole + Metronidazole + Gentamicin

Question 20

Lung Abscess

Answer 20

Antibiotics based on sputum culture results

Question 21

Pertussis (whooping cough)

Answer 21

Clarithromycin or Erythromycin

Vaccination

Question 22

Small PE

Answer 22

Low molecular weight Heparin

Question 23

Large PE

Answer 23

Thrombolysis

Question 24

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Answer 24

CPAP Machine
Reduce weight
Reduce alcohol consumption

Question 25

Central Sleep Apnoea

Answer 25

Respiratory Stimulant NIPPV (Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation) Treat underlying cause

Question 26

Mesothelioma

Answer 26

Chemotherapy Survival at 2 yeas is extremely low Poor prognosis

Question 27

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Answer 27

Supportive | E.g. Oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation

Question 28

Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (Bird Fancier's Lung) (Farmer's Lung)

Answer 28

Oxygen Prednisolone (oral) Avoidance of allergen

Question 29

Epiglottis

Answer 29

Oxygen (intubation) IV fluids Antibiotics (Ceftriaxone)

Question 30

Empyema

Answer 30

Pleural fluid drainage IV broad spectrum, antibiotics Oral culture-specific

Question 31

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 31

Physiotherapy and postural drainage Early Antibiotics for chest infection (strong and long) Salbutamol- reliever Beclometasone- reduce inflammation Supplements- pancreatic enzymes, vitamins, high-calorie diet

Question 32

Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)

Answer 32

Prednisolone

Question 33

Coryza (common cold)

Answer 33

Supportive/Bed Rest

Question 34

Cor Pulmonale (right-sided heart disease)

Answer 34

Treat underlying cause- secondary to lung disease

Question 35

Acute COPD

Answer 35

iSOAP ``` Ipratropium bromide (Neb) Salbutamol (Neb) Oxygen Amoxicillin (2nd line-Doxycycline) Prednisolone ( Oral) ```

Question 36

Chronic COPD

Answer 36

Step 1: SAMA (Ipratropium) Step 2: LAMA (Tiotripium) Step 3: LABA (Salmeterol) + inhaled corticosteroid (Beclometasone)

Question 37

Pneumoconiosis (inhalation of dust)

Answer 37

Removal of exposure

Question 38

Bronchiolotis

Answer 38

Supportive

Question 39

Bronchiectasis

Answer 39

There is no cure | Symptomatic relief- postural drainage of affected lobe and antibiotics

Question 40

Chronic Asthma

Answer 40

Step 1: SABA (salbutamol) + low dose Inhaled corticosteroid (beclometasone) Step 2: LABA (salmeterol) + medium dose ICS Step 3: Leukotriene receptor agonist (montelukast) orally Step 4: Steroids (Prednisolone) orally

Question 41

Asbestosis

Answer 41

No treatment Symptomatic relief Monitor for mesothelioma