Respiratory Flashcards
1
Q
Pulmonary fibrosis - upper lobe predominance
A
(SCHARTS) Silicosis Coal (pneumoconiosis) Histiocytosis Ankylosing spondylitis Aspergillosis (allergic) Radiation Tuberculosis Sarcoidosis
2
Q
Pulmonary fibrosis - lower lobe predominance
A
(RASCO) Rheumatoid arthritis Asbestosis Scleroderma Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis Other drugs (eg. methotrexate, amiodarone)
3
Q
Pleural effusion - transudate causes
A
Cardiac failure Nephrotic syndrome Liver failure Meigs' syndrome (ovarian fibroma) Hypothyroidism (usually exudate)
4
Q
Pleural effusion - exudate causes
A
Pneumonia Neoplasm Tuberculosis Sarcoidosis Pulmonary infarction Subphrenic abscess Pancreatitis Connective tissue disease – RA, SLE Drugs – nitrofurantoin Radiation
5
Q
Breath sounds - bronchial
A
Lobar pneumonia Localised fibrosis Collapse Above pleural effusion Large lung cavity
6
Q
Breath sounds - reduced
A
Emphysema Large lung mass Collapse Fibrosis - eg. raised hemidiaphragm Pneumonia Effusion Pneumothorax
7
Q
Clubbing - respiratory
A
Lung carcinoma (usually not small cell) Chronic suppuration – bronchiectasis, lung abscess, empyema Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Asbestosis Cystic fibrosis Mesothelioma Mediastinal – thymoma, lymphoma
8
Q
Clubbing - other causes
A
Infective endocarditis Cyanotic congenital heart disease Inflammatory bowel disease Cirrhosis Coeliac disease Thyrotoxicosis Diaphragmatic tumours Hemiplegic stroke (unilateral) Familial / idiopathic
