Respiratory Flashcards
How many oxygen can hemoglobin carry
4
Difference between upper and lower respiratory tract
Upper: nose, pharynx, larynx, outside the chest
Lower: trachea, bronchi, lungs, inside chest (pneumonia)
Where does oxygen bind to hemoglobin
Ferrous ion
What is carbon monoxide and where is it found
Colorless and ordorless gas
Cigarette smoke, furnace, exhaust pipe
What does carbon monoxide do to hemoglobin
Binds to oxygen sites, competes w/ oxygen
Difference between carbon monoxide/dioxide
Monoxide, machine, man made: competes with oxygen
Dioxide, person, plant: does not compete
Types of lung cancer
1: squamous cell carcinoma, most common (smoking)
2: adenocarcinoma, starts in adnoids
3: small call carcinoma, least common, most dangerous, coughing up blood, death 4-5 years
Types of COPD
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Function of respiratory system
Provides oxygen and co2 exchange Speech Sense of smell Affect ph of fluids by eliminating co2 Affects blood pressure by synthesis of vasconstrictor antagonist II
Respiratory acidosis
When ph is below 7.35
Respiratory alkalosis
Ph above 7.45
Phrenic nerve
Primary breathing muscle
Valsalva manuever
Neuro test
Deep breath, pinch nose to raise pressure
A atomic dead space
Inside resp tract
Non exchange of air
Alveolar ventilation rare
End of bronchial tree
Rate of gas exchange
Functions of nose
Warms, cleans, moisturizer, detect odors, amplifies voice
Regions of pharynx
Naso: no food, drink should pass thru
Oropharynx: food, drink passes
Laryngpharynx: food drink passes, most inferior
Epiglottis
Voice box
Another name for pharynx
Throat
Thyroid cartilage
Adam’s apple
Structure of larynx
Epiglottis
Adam’s apple
Vestibular folds
Vocal cords
Trachea
Wind pipe
Holds trachea open
Structures of lung
Hilum: slit, where lung recieves main bronchus
Right: 3 lobes, sits lower
Left: 2 lobes, longer
Quiet and forced respirations
Quiet: at rest
Forced: deep rapid breathing
