Respiratory Flashcards
COPD group A treatment
Bronchodilator (preferably LABA or LAMA)
LABAs: Formoterol*, Salmeterol
LAMAs: Tiotropium (Spiriva)
COPD group B treatment
LABA + LAMA
COPD group E treatment
LABA + LAMA + consider ICS
Asthma cornerstone of treatment
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)
Futicasone, Mometasone, Budesonide, Beclomethosone
Asthma GINA guidelines
- Step 1: Low dose ICS-formoterol as needed
- Step 2: Low dose ICS-formoterol as needed
- Step 3: Low dose ICS-formoterol daily
- Step 4: medium dose ICS-formoterol daily, consider referral
- Step 5: Definitely refer
What three factors impact peak flow readings in adults?
- Height
- Age
- Sex
Ratio that confirms COPD
FEV1/FVC ratio 0.70 (70%) or less
Asthma diagnostic test
Spirometry (FEV1)
Will be less than 80% with asthma
USPSTF lung cancer screening guidelines
Annual low dose CT for patients 50-80 with 20 pack year history who currently smoke or have quit within past 15 yrs
How to confirm TB diagnosis
Chest x-ray. If positive, confirm with sputum culture
Pertussis treatment
Macrolides (azithromycin)
Pneumonia treatment for healthy adults without comorbidities
- Amoxicillin (preferred)
- Doxycycline
- Azithromycin
Pneumonia treatment for adults with comorbidities/antibiotics in last 90 days
- Levofloxacin
- Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) PLUS macrolides or doxycycline
Atypical pneumonia treatment
Macrolides (think M for Macrolides and Mycoplasma)
CURB-65 Criteria
Determines if older adults with pneumonia need hospitalization
C: confusion
U: BUN > 19 mg/dL
R: respiratory rate (elevated)
B: blood pressure < 90/60
65: 65 years or older
2 points = admission
3 points = hospitalization absolutely necessary
