respiratory

Question 1

shortens, relaxes cords

Answer 1

ThyroaRytenoid
Vocalis

“they relax”

Question 2

elongates, tenses cords

Answer 2

CricoThyroid

“cords tense”

Question 3

aBduct (opens) cords

Answer 3

Posterior CricoArytenoid

“please come apart”

Question 4

aDducts (closes) cords

Answer 4

Lateral CricoArytenoid
Thyroarytenoid

“lets close airway”

Question 5

what nerve innervates all muscles

Answer 5

recurrent laryngeal

Question 6

what innervates cricothyroid

Answer 6

superior laryngeal (external branch)

Question 7

what do extrinsic muscles do

Answer 7

support larynx/swallowing

Question 8

what do all extrinsic muscles end in -______

Answer 8

-hyoid

(exception: digastric)

Question 9

sensory innveration to face/head

Answer 9

trigeminal

Question 10

afferent gag reflex

Answer 10

glossopharyngeal

Question 11

respiratory emergency

Answer 11

bilateral RLN acute

Question 11

efferent gag reflex

Answer 11

vagus

Question 12

glossopharyngeal block

base of _____________ arch

Answer 12

palatoglossal arch

Question 13

recurrent laryngeal

____________ membrane

Answer 13

cricothyroid

Question 14

superior laryngeal block

below greater cornu of _____ bone

Answer 14

hyoid

Question 15

adult larynx

narrowest region

Answer 15

glottic opening/level of cords

Question 16

pediatric larynx

narrowest FIXED region

Answer 16

cricoid ring

Question 17

pediatric larynx

narrowest DYNAMIC region

Answer 17

vocal cords

Question 18

___ total cartilage

Answer 18

9

Question 19

3 UNpaired cartilage

Answer 19

epiglottis
thyroid
cricoid

Question 20

3 paired cartilage

Answer 20

corniculate (MEDIAL)
cuneiform (LATERAL)
arytenoid

Question 21

only complete cartilaginous ring in airway

Answer 21

cricoid

Question 22

EXHALATION against closed glottis

Answer 22

valsalva’s

Question 23

INHALATION against closed glottis

Answer 23

muller’s

Question 24

larynx

Answer 24

C3-C6

Question 25

trachea

Answer 25

C6-T4/T5

Question 26

provide surface for gas exchange

Answer 26

Type 1 Pneumocytes

Question 27

surfactant, produce type 1

Answer 27

Type 2 Pneumocytes

Question 28

CENTRAL chemoreceptor

Answer 28

medulla (VENTRAL side)

PaCO2 (indirect)

Question 29

PERIPHERAL chemoreceptor

Answer 29

carotid bodies + transverse aortic arch

PaO2

Question 30

respiratory center is MORE sensitive to CO2

Answer 30

LEFT + UP shift

Question 31

respiratory center is LESS sensitive to CO2

Answer 31

RIGHT + DOWN shift

Question 32

pacemaker/inspiration

Answer 32

DORSAL resp center (DRC)

*pre-Botzinger complex

Question 33

expiration

Answer 33

VENTRAL resp center (VRC)

Question 34

UPPER pons

inhibits DRC

Answer 34

pneumotaxic

Question 35

LOWER pons

stimulates DRC

Answer 35

apneustic center

Question 36

what INdirectly stimulates CENTRAL chemoreceptors

Answer 36

PaCO2

Question 37

what DIRECTLY stimulates CENTRAL chemoreceptors

Answer 37

H+

Question 38

what freely diffuses across BBB?

Answer 38

CO2

Question 39

unlike erythrocytes, hydration of CO2 to carbonic acid (H2CO3) does NOT involve carbonic anhydrase

Answer 39

occurs spontaneously

Question 40

HPV

PaO2 < 60 CLOSES K channels in type __ glomus cells, RAISING membrane potential, action potential along _______ nerve (CN __), MV increases

Answer 40

type 1 glomus

Hering’s/CN 9

Question 41

Hering-Breuer INflation reflex

Answer 41

prevents overinflation

Question 42

Hering-Breuer DEflation reflex

Answer 42

prevents atelectasis

Question 43

J receptors/Pulmonary C-fiber receptors

Answer 43

INCREASE RR

(PE, CHF)