Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Peds Exam 3 > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What is part of the respiratory system? There are 4.

A

Upper and lower airways
Lungs
Alveoli
Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why does impaired gas exchange happen? There are three reasons

A

Ineffective ventilation
Reduces capacity of gas transportation (reduced hemoglobin and/or red blood cells)
Inadequate perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are signs and symptoms of a compromised gas exchange? There are 6

A

Vital signs
Inspection of breathing effort, skin color, thorax, and extremities
Auscultation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are primary prevention nursing interventions to optimize gas exchange? There are four

A

Infection control
Smoking cessation
Immunizations
Preventing postoperative complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are secondary preventions that a nurse can do to optimize gas exchanges?

A

Mantoux skin test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Mantoux skin test?

A

Commonly known as the TB test, it’s the injection in dermis looking for a reaction, linked to gas exchange because it is a contagious disease that causes lung damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are respiratory infections in the upper respiratory tract? There are two.

A

Nose, pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What can be infected in the lower respiratory tract? There are two.

A

Bronchi and bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can be infected in the croup syndromes? There are two.

A

Epiglottis and larynx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are key pediatric differences in the respiratory system. There are nine.

A

Lack of or insufficient surfactant
Smaller airways and underdeveloped cartilage
Obligatory nose breather (infant)
Less well developed intercostal muscles
Brief periods of apnea common (newborn)
Faster respiratory rate (increased metabolic needs)
Eustachian tubes relatively horizontal
Tonsilar tissue enlarged
More flexible larynx, susceptible to soasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(T/F) Mycoplasma infections are more common in fall and winter

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(T/F) Asthmatic bronchitis is more frequent in cold weather

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(T/F) RSV season is considered winter and spring

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are generalized signs and symptoms of respiratory infection in younger children? There are 10

A

Fever
Anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Cough, sore throat, nasal blockage or discharge
Respiratory sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(T/F) RSV is the causative agent in 50% of cases of bronchiolitis

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(T/F) RSV is a significant cause of hospitalization in children under 1 year of age

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What isolation precautions is necessary for RSV?

A

Contact precaution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(T/F) Asthma is a reversible obstructive airway disease

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is asthma characterized by? There are 3

A

Increased airway response was to a variety of stimuli
Bronchospasm resulting from constriction of bronchial smooth muscle
Inflammation and edema of the mucous membranes that line the small airways and the subsequent accumulation of thick secretions in the airway

20
Q

What are characteristics of asthma? There are 5

A

Chronic inflammatory disorder of airways
Bronchial hyper-responsiveness
Episodic
Limited airflow or obstruction that reverses spontaneously or with treatment

21
Q

What are signs and symptoms indicating emergency asthma? There are 7

A

Worsening wheeze, cough, or shortness of breath
Difficulty breathing
No improvement after bronchodilator use
Trouble walking or talking
Discontinuation of play; inability to resume activity
Listlessness, weak cry in infant; refusal to suck
Grey or blue lips or fingernails (requires immediate emergency treatment)

22
Q

What are Asthma severity classifications in children 5 or older. There are 4

A

Step 1: Mild, intermittent asthma
Step 2: Mild, persistent asthma
Step 3: Moderate, persistent asthma
Step 4: Severe, persistent asthma

23
Q

What are triggers to Asthma? There are 3

A

Hypersensitivity
URI (upper respiratory infection)
Exercise

24
Q

(T/F) Asthma is more common in males

A

True

25
Q

The onset of asthma is before what age?

A

12 years old

26
Q

What meds would you use for asthmatic child? There 5

A

Corticosteroids
Albuterol, Metaproterenol, Terbutaline (AMT)
Cromolyn sodium

27
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

An inherited multisystem disorder characterized by widespread dysfunction of the experimental glands

28
Q

What organs are obstructed and dysfunction with cystic fibrosis?

A

Pancreas, lungs, salivary glands, sweat glands, and reproductive organs

29
Q

What test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis? What is the result for a positive test?

A

Sweat chloride test, sodium and chloride will be 2-5 times greater than the controls

30
Q

What are signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis?

A

Fatigues
Chronic cough
Recurrent URIs
Thick, sticky mucus
Chronic hypoxia (clubbing, barrel chest)
Decreased absorption of vitamins and enzymes
Fatty, stinky stools (Steatorrhea)
Meconium lleus in newborn

31
Q

What medications are used for cystic fibrosis?

A

Bronchodilators
Mycolutics
Pancreatic enzymes

32
Q

What are respiratory manifestations in CF? There are 2

A

Stagnation of mucus and bacterial colonization result in destruction of lung tissues
Tenacious secretion are difficult to expectorate—obstruct bronchi/bronchioles

33
Q

What does CF do to the GI tract?

A

Prevents pancreatic enzymes from reaching duodenum
Impares digestion/absorption of fat-steatorrhea
Impares digestion/absorption of protein-azotorrhea

34
Q

(T/F) Endocrine function of pancreas initially stays unchanged

A

Teue

35
Q

What does pancreatic fibrosis result in?

A

Diabetes mellitus

36
Q

What does CF present as?

A

Wheezing respiration, dry nonproductive cough
Patchy atelectasis
Cyanosis
Clubbing of fingers and toes
Excretion of undigested food in stool

37
Q

(T/F) Children will taste salty with CF

A

True

38
Q

What diet do those with CF partake in?

A

High protein high calorie diet as much as 150% RDA
Salt supplementation
Replacement of pancreatic enzymes

39
Q

What is the percentage of transmission with cystic fibrosis to the baby?

A

25% (1:4)

40
Q

What is the earliest sign of CF in an infant?

A

Meconium ileus

41
Q

Which finding confirms CF?

A

Sweat test

42
Q

(T/F) Pancreatic enzymes should be given between meals whenever feasible

A

True

43
Q

When the body is below what temperature is it hypothermia?

A

36.2 Celsius

44
Q

Body is above what temperature is hyperthermia?

A

37.6 C

45
Q

(T/F) Core warming must be done slowly to minimize risk of dsyrthmias

A

True

46
Q

What is the most appropriate measure to assess core body temperature?

A

Rectally

Peds Exam 3 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions