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NURS 120 Pharamacology > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What cues would you recognize for a client with allergic rhinitis?
What cues should the nurse consider when identifying allergic rhinitis

A

sneezing, watery eyes, and nasal congestion

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2
Q

What are the causes of allergic Rhinitis?
A patient is asking their nurse, what caused my allergic rhinitis? How should the nurse respond?

A

Exposure to an allergen

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3
Q

What are the most common causes (allergens) of Allergic Rhinitis?

A

Pollen from weeds, grasses, trees. Mold spores, dust mites, and certain foods. Animal dander. Genetic predisposition.

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4
Q

What priority actions should the nurse take in a case of allergic rhinitis?

A

Priority: Assess heart rate, respiratory rate, and lung sounds

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5
Q

What should the nurse determine when assessing a client with allergic rhinitis?

A

Patient is developing an anaphylactic reaction.

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6
Q

What should the nurse include in the discussion/plan of care of the patient?

A

Antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers. Some can help prevent or avoid the onset of allergies or seasonal allergies

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7
Q

How should the nurse respond to the patient asking about how they can treat their allergic rhinitis?

A
  1. “Some antihistamines can help prevent the onset of allergies.” 2. “Intranasal corticosteroids help prevent their allergies.” 3. “Drugs that are mast cell stabilizers may help you avoid your seasonal allergies.”
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8
Q

What would you include in your teaching plan to a parent with a child prescribed diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

A

Because of the paradoxical effects of benadryl, do not give to child when they are in a highly stimulating scenario

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9
Q

Which statement by the client shows that the client is feeling the adverse effects of diphenhydramine?

A

“I am feeling sleepy”

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10
Q

What should the nurse ask their patient before administering diphenhydramine?

A

“Have you used the bathroom recently?”

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11
Q

What priority action should the nurse take when assessing a patient taking diphenhydramine?

A

Urinary retention, this should be reported to the provider

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12
Q

What signs should the nurse look out for before administering diphenhydramine?

A

Narrow-angle glaucoma

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13
Q

What signs show that the patient is taking benadryl with MAOI?

A

Hypertensive crisis

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14
Q
A

Airway clearance, ineffective related to nasal congestion

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15
Q

What are some of the goals of Benadryl therapy?

A

Patient will have decreased nasal congestion, mucosal secretions, and cough

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16
Q

What interventions should the nurse do when giving a petient benadryl?

A

give oral form of benadryl with food to decrease gastric distress

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17
Q

What statement shows that the patient has a good understanding of the side effects of Benadryl?

A

avoid driving as benadryl is a sedative

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18
Q

What should the patient do when they are taking benadryl?

A

acoid alcohol and other CNS depressants

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19
Q

The patient is experiencing mouth dryness, what interventions can the nurse suggest to the patient?

A

use of sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for relief of mouth dryness

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20
Q

What should be assessed when given OTC antihistamine combinations?

A

Assess for Dysrhythmias

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21
Q

What should the nurse suggest the patient take if they have allergies?

A

intranasal corticosteroids can help prevent the onset of allergies

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22
Q

Why would the nurse suggest intranasal corticosteroids

A

Intranasal corticosteroids produce almost no serious drug reactions

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23
Q
A

Do you feel a burning sensation when using Flonase?

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24
Q
A

Does your nose bleed after taking Flonase?

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25
Q
A

Flonase can affect the tongue with candida albicans oropharyngeal infections.

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26
Q
A

Wash the inhaler with warm water daily

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27
Q
A

Use a spacer to: prevent medication from being delivered to the back of the pharynx

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28
Q
A

Spacer helps deliver the medicine to the airways of the lungs instead of the mouth

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29
Q
A

reduces deposits of the drug in the oral cavity

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30
Q
A

Flonase is contraindicated in pregnancy

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31
Q
A

Corticosteroids can mask signs of infection

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32
Q
A

Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections (especially in respiratory tract)

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33
Q
A

nasal spray, nasal drops, tablets, capsules, and liquid

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34
Q
A

Oral preparation has more systemic effects: can cause hypertension

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35
Q
A

More efficacious (most effective) at relieving severe congestion

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36
Q
A

Only use for 3-5 days due to rebounds congestion

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37
Q
A

Blow nose immediately before using hte medication

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38
Q
A

Wait 5-10 minutes between sprays

39
Q
A

Spit out any excess spray that drains in your mouth

40
Q
A

Works quickly- relief from nasal congestion occurs within minutes and lasts for 10 or more hours

41
Q
A

Congestion will clear up after stopping the spray

42
Q
A

Wash hands carefully after administration to prevent aniscoria (blurred vision and inequality of pupil size)

43
Q
A

Administer suppressant for dry cough

44
Q
A

Avoid pulmonary irritants such as smoking or other fumes. Avoid alcohol. Do not take grapefruit juice with this medication.

45
Q
A

used with caution in patients with asthma and bronchitis

46
Q
A

grapefruit juice can raise serum levels of dextromorphan and cause toxicity

47
Q
A

If you notice your speech is slurred, stop taking the medicine and call the clinic. Robitussin

48
Q
A

Processed foods containing nitrates

49
Q
A

nuts and dairy products

50
Q
A

Routine monitoring of height and weight, and bone density

51
Q
A

Drink additional fluids, eat small frequent meals (calorie and nutrient-dense), and avoid warm temperatures.

52
Q
A

Blood in lungs picks up the drug rapidly

53
Q
A

palpitations, fatigue

54
Q
A

hypokalemia: assess electrolytes

55
Q
A

increase serum glucose: assess serum glucose

56
Q
A

Oral proventil has more S/E than Inhaled

57
Q
A

cough, drying of nasal mucosa, hoarseness, bitter taste - rinsing the mouth after use of ipratropium (Atrovent)

58
Q
A

Intranasal administration of ipratropium (Atrovent) may cause epistaxis and excessive drying of the nasal mucosa

59
Q
A

Atrovent produces a bitter taste

60
Q
A

Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to soy: rationale, soya lecithin is used as a propellant in the inhaler

61
Q
A

report any increased dyspnea, any changes in urinary pattern, use the medication consistently, not ocasisonaly

62
Q
A

Spiriva Respimat (tiotropium bromide)- relaxes and dilates the bronchioles

63
Q
A

Beclomethasone acts by reducing inflammation, thus decreasing the frequency of asthma attacks

64
Q
A

Inhaled beclomethasone produces few systemic or almost no serious ADR

65
Q
A

Local effects may include hoarseness, dry mouth, and changes in taste

66
Q
A

Long term intranasal or inhaled corticosteroids may cause growth inhibition in children

67
Q
A

QVAR can mask signs of infections, and the drug is contraindicted if an active infection is present

68
Q
A

develop orpharyngeal candidiasis, a fungal infection in the throat

69
Q
A

sore and white spots on the tounge and oral mucous membranes

70
Q
A

QVAR may reduce growth velocity in some children (monitor growth)

71
Q
A

Drink water before taking Intranasal cromolyn

72
Q
A

Do not use montelukast (Singulair) to terminate acute asthma attack s

73
Q
A

Montelukast may elevate liver enzymes so the nurse needs to asses serum levels

74
Q
A

Ibuprofen and aspirin are contraindicated because they block the effects of montelukast

75
Q
A

Montelukast recommnded to be given in the evening

76
Q
A

Chronic users of alcohol may not tolerate montelukast

77
Q
A

montelukast is metabolized by the liver, so it is contraindicated in patients with chronic hepatitis C

78
Q
A

Assess serum levels for methylxanthine because of its narrow therapeutic range

79
Q
A

Risk for severe symptoms with toxic levels: risk for HA and Nausea

80
Q
A

Methylxanhine is a caffeine derivative which means that additional caffeine causes increased risk of toxicity and severe adverse effects

81
Q
A

methlyxanthine potentiates theophylline

82
Q
A

Smoking with methylxanthing increases the metabolism of the drug, requiring a higher dosage

83
Q
A

1st Beta agonist 5 minutes before administering ipratropium, 2nd ipratropium bromide 5 minutes before glucocorticoid steroid, 3rd glucocorticoid steroid

84
Q
A

This order helps the bronchioles to dilate, subsequent medications can be deposited in the bronchioles for improved effect

85
Q
A

trimethopim-sulfamethoxazole for mild to moderate acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis from infectious causes

86
Q
A

COPD is a combination of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma

87
Q
A

Assess patient for smoking, instruct the patient not to smoke as cessation of smoking will prevent COPD symptoms from progressing

88
Q
A

COPD is treated by combination therapy: ipretropium bromide/albuteral sulfate (Combivent)

89
Q
A

Combination therapy is more effective, longer DOA than if either agent is used along
two agents combined increase the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1),

90
Q
A

Forced expiratory volume is an indicator of symptom improvement

91
Q
A

acetylcysteine is designed to break down and thin the mucous in the lungs

92
Q
A

epinepherine increases CAMP in lung tissue and promotes bronchodilation. It also restores circulation and increases airway patency

93
Q
A

Epinephering increases blood pressure, the patient will experience - cardiac and pulmonary effects

NURS 120 Pharamacology (2 decks)

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